suo-ppy Help Last edit was seconds ago BIUA Arial 11 +. Roland Marris Ionization describes the process in which an electron is removed from an atom in the gaseous state. The amount of energy required to remove the outer electron is called the first ionization energy. Successive electrons can be removed as well. The following cquations show the first and second NigN'tg)+e NiglN ) +e ionization for the nitrogen atom. First lonization Second lonization Bohr's model of sodium. The Cler olocteon is aactod to te eucle.s y opposne charga. Itisse aheKd by the Dore olectrors First lonization Energy The ionization cnergy varies depenling on how strongly cach electron is held to the mucleus. This attractive force is related to thre Yactors. First, the distance bctween the clectron and the nucleus affects the electrostatic attraction: the closer the clectron the stronger the force. Second. the number of protons in the mucleus can affect the attraction of the electrons. The more electrons there are the greater the attraction. Finally. the electrons between the nucleus and the outermost electron are responsible for a repulsion called shielding. 1 Use the graph to list the ionization energies forthe noble gases Element He Ne Ar Kr Xe Slement h8A Energy 2 Make a statement of the trend observed in ionization energy as you go down the periodic table (from He-Ne-Ar -Kr-Xe)

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Atomic Structure

The basic structure of an atom is defined as the component-level of atomic structure of an atom. Precisely speaking an atom consists of three major subatomic particles which are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Many theories have been stated for explaining the structure of an atom.

Shape of the D Orbital

Shapes of orbitals are an approximate representation of boundaries in space for finding electrons occupied in that respective orbital. D orbitals are known to have a clover leaf shape or dumbbell inside where electrons can be found.