Suggest reasonable explanations for each of the following: A. The rate of saponification of ethyl p-nitrobenzoate is 200 times faster than that of ethyl p-methoxybenzoate. B. The rate of saponification of methyl acetate, CH3CCO2CH3 is 50 times greater than that for isopropylacetate.

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Reactions at the Alpha Carbon Atom

The position next to the ketone or aldehyde functional group is termed as alpha position and the reaction which occurs at alpha position is called alpha substitution reaction. In an alpha substitution reaction, the alpha proton atom is substituted by an electrophile by the formation of an enol intermediate or enolate ion intermediate. Most of the carbonyl compounds go through an alpha substitution reaction.