Sir Francis Galton, in the late 1800s, was the first to introduce the statistical concepts of regression and correlation. He studied the relations of variables such as the size of parents and the size of their offspring. Data similar to that which he studied are given below, with the variable x denoting the height (in centimeters) of a human father and the variable y denoting the height at maturity in centimeters) of the father's oldest son. The data are given in tabular form and also displayed in the Figure 1 scatter plot. Also given are the products of the heights of fathers and heights of sons for each of the fifteen pairs
Correlation
Correlation defines a relationship between two independent variables. It tells the degree to which variables move in relation to each other. When two sets of data are related to each other, there is a correlation between them.
Linear Correlation
A correlation is used to determine the relationships between numerical and categorical variables. In other words, it is an indicator of how things are connected to one another. The correlation analysis is the study of how variables are related.
Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a statistical method in which it estimates the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variable. In simple terms dependent variable is called as outcome variable and independent variable is called as predictors. Regression analysis is one of the methods to find the trends in data. The independent variable used in Regression analysis is named Predictor variable. It offers data of an associated dependent variable regarding a particular outcome.
Sir Francis Galton, in the late 1800s, was the first to introduce the statistical concepts of regression and
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