Statement of Financial Position as at 31 December 2020 and 2021 2020 2021 Rm Rm Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment Land and buildings 310 310 Plant and machinery 325 314 635 624 Current assets Stock 41 35 Trade debtors 139 145 180 180 Current liabilities Bank overdraft 56 89 Trade creditors 54 41 Corporation tax 23 18 133 148 Net current assets 47 32 Total assets less current liabilities 682 656 Less Non-current liabilities Debenture loans 250 150 432 506 Equity Ordinary share capital 200 300 Share premium account 40 Revaluation reserve 69 9. Retained profit 123 197 432 506 During 2021, the business spent R67 million on additional plants and machinery. There were no other non-current asset acquisitions or disposals. There was no share issue for cash during the year. The interest payable expense was equal in amount to the cash outflow. Required: Prepare the Cash Flow Statement with the notes for Cheetahs Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2021.
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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