ssume that both populations are normally distributed. ) Test whether u, > H, at the a = 0.10 level of significance for the given sample data. ) Construct a 90% confidence interval about p, - H2 Sample 1 27 Sample 2 20 X 53 45.2 9.7 12.3 Click the icon to view the Student's t-distribution table. ) Perform a hypothesis test. Determine the null and alternative hypotheses. DA. Ho: H1 < H2, HqH1> H2 OB. Ho H1 > H2, HHqH2 etermine the test statistic. = (Round to two decimal places as needed.) pproximate the P-value. Choose the correct answer below. OA. P-value < 0.01 OB. 0.01 sP-value < 0.05 OC. 0.05 sP-value <0.10 OD. P-value 0.10 hould the hypothesis be rejected at the a = 0.10 level of significance? the null hypothesis because the P-value is v the level of significance. ) The confidence interval is the range from to. Round to two decimal places as needed. Use ascending order.)

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### Statistical Analysis of Two Populations

**Assume that both populations are normally distributed.**

#### Task Breakdown:

**a) Test whether \( \mu_1 > \mu_2 \) at the \( \alpha = 0.10 \) level of significance for the given sample data.**

**b) Construct a 90% confidence interval about \( \mu_1 - \mu_2 \).**

#### Sample Data:
- **Sample 1:**
  - \( n = 27 \)
  - \( \bar{x} = 53 \)
  - \( s = 9.7 \)
  
- **Sample 2:**
  - \( n = 20 \)
  - \( \bar{x} = 45.2 \)
  - \( s = 12.3 \)

**Steps:**

1. **Click the icon to view the Student's t-distribution table.**

2. **a) Perform a hypothesis test. Determine the null and alternative hypotheses.**
   - Select the correct hypothesis pair from the options:
     - \( \text{A. } H_0: \mu_1 < \mu_2; \, H_1: \mu_1 > \mu_2 \)
     - \( \text{B. } H_0: \mu_1 \leq \mu_2; \, H_1: \mu_1 > \mu_2 \) [Typically the correct option for a one-tailed test]
     - \( \text{C. } H_0: \mu_1 = \mu_2; \, H_1: \mu_1 \neq \mu_2 \)
     - \( \text{D. } H_0: \mu_1 \geq \mu_2; \, H_1: \mu_1 < \mu_2 \)

3. **Determine the test statistic:**
   - Calculate \( t \) (Round to two decimal places as needed.)

4. **Approximate the P-value.**
   - Choose the correct answer from the given intervals:
     - \( \text{A. P-value < 0.01} \)
     - \( \text{B. 0.01} \leq \text{P-value} < 0.05 \)
     - \( \text{C.
Transcribed Image Text:### Statistical Analysis of Two Populations **Assume that both populations are normally distributed.** #### Task Breakdown: **a) Test whether \( \mu_1 > \mu_2 \) at the \( \alpha = 0.10 \) level of significance for the given sample data.** **b) Construct a 90% confidence interval about \( \mu_1 - \mu_2 \).** #### Sample Data: - **Sample 1:** - \( n = 27 \) - \( \bar{x} = 53 \) - \( s = 9.7 \) - **Sample 2:** - \( n = 20 \) - \( \bar{x} = 45.2 \) - \( s = 12.3 \) **Steps:** 1. **Click the icon to view the Student's t-distribution table.** 2. **a) Perform a hypothesis test. Determine the null and alternative hypotheses.** - Select the correct hypothesis pair from the options: - \( \text{A. } H_0: \mu_1 < \mu_2; \, H_1: \mu_1 > \mu_2 \) - \( \text{B. } H_0: \mu_1 \leq \mu_2; \, H_1: \mu_1 > \mu_2 \) [Typically the correct option for a one-tailed test] - \( \text{C. } H_0: \mu_1 = \mu_2; \, H_1: \mu_1 \neq \mu_2 \) - \( \text{D. } H_0: \mu_1 \geq \mu_2; \, H_1: \mu_1 < \mu_2 \) 3. **Determine the test statistic:** - Calculate \( t \) (Round to two decimal places as needed.) 4. **Approximate the P-value.** - Choose the correct answer from the given intervals: - \( \text{A. P-value < 0.01} \) - \( \text{B. 0.01} \leq \text{P-value} < 0.05 \) - \( \text{C.
### t-Distribution Table

#### Description
The t-distribution table is used in statistics to determine critical values of the t-distribution. This table is vital for conducting hypothesis tests and calculating confidence intervals when dealing with small sample sizes, typically when the sample size is less than 30.

#### Graphical Representation
At the top left corner of the table, there is a graphical representation of the t-distribution. The bell-shaped curve represents the general form of the t-distribution. The shaded area under the curve to the right is labeled "Area in right tail," indicating the proportion of the distribution that lies to the right of a specified t-value. This area in the right tail is crucial in hypothesis testing, especially when determining critical values.

#### Table Explanation
The table below the graph provides the critical values of the t-distribution for different degrees of freedom (df) and right-tail areas. 

Key components of the table include:

- **Degrees of Freedom**: Represented in the first column on the left side of the table. Degrees of freedom generally account for sample size and are calculated as the sample size minus one (n-1).
- **Area in Right Tail**: Each remaining column represents a different tail area (α) in the right tail of the distribution (0.25, 0.20, 0.15, 0.10, 0.05, 0.025, 0.02, 0.01, 0.005, 0.0025, 0.001, 0.0005). 

For example:
- For 1 degree of freedom with an area of 0.10 in the right tail, the critical value is 3.078.
- For 10 degrees of freedom with an area of 0.01 in the right tail, the critical value is 2.764.

The t-values decrease as the degrees of freedom increase, reflecting the t-distribution approaching a normal distribution as the sample size grows.

Below is a detailed transcription of the table.

#### t-Distribution Critical Values
```
Degrees of Freedom | 0.25   | 0.20   | 0.15   | 0.10   | 0.05   | 0.025  | 0.02   | 0.01   | 0.005  | 0.0025 | 0.001  | 0.0005
Transcribed Image Text:### t-Distribution Table #### Description The t-distribution table is used in statistics to determine critical values of the t-distribution. This table is vital for conducting hypothesis tests and calculating confidence intervals when dealing with small sample sizes, typically when the sample size is less than 30. #### Graphical Representation At the top left corner of the table, there is a graphical representation of the t-distribution. The bell-shaped curve represents the general form of the t-distribution. The shaded area under the curve to the right is labeled "Area in right tail," indicating the proportion of the distribution that lies to the right of a specified t-value. This area in the right tail is crucial in hypothesis testing, especially when determining critical values. #### Table Explanation The table below the graph provides the critical values of the t-distribution for different degrees of freedom (df) and right-tail areas. Key components of the table include: - **Degrees of Freedom**: Represented in the first column on the left side of the table. Degrees of freedom generally account for sample size and are calculated as the sample size minus one (n-1). - **Area in Right Tail**: Each remaining column represents a different tail area (α) in the right tail of the distribution (0.25, 0.20, 0.15, 0.10, 0.05, 0.025, 0.02, 0.01, 0.005, 0.0025, 0.001, 0.0005). For example: - For 1 degree of freedom with an area of 0.10 in the right tail, the critical value is 3.078. - For 10 degrees of freedom with an area of 0.01 in the right tail, the critical value is 2.764. The t-values decrease as the degrees of freedom increase, reflecting the t-distribution approaching a normal distribution as the sample size grows. Below is a detailed transcription of the table. #### t-Distribution Critical Values ``` Degrees of Freedom | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.025 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.005 | 0.0025 | 0.001 | 0.0005
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