Speculate about the following details of mitosis. 1. Why do chromosomes need to condense during mitosis? 2. Why does the nuclear membrane need to break down at the beginning of prometaphase? 3. Why do chromosomes congress (migrate) toward the metaphase plate during metaphase, and what forces keep the chromosomes there until anaphase begins? 4. What would happen if one kinetochore of one chromosome failed to attach to the spindle and the cell entered anaphase? In a general sense, how do cells normally prevent this situation? 5. During late anaphase and telophase, animal cells elongate to aid the eventual separation of the two daughter cells in cytokinesis. This elongation can occur even in cell suspensions, where different cells do not come into contact. Are the forces that elongate the cell likely to be pushing forces or pulling forces, and where do these forces come from?
Oogenesis
The formation of the ovum (mature female gamete) from undifferentiated germ cells is called oogenesis. This process takes place in the ovaries (female gonads). Oogenesis consists of three stages known as the multiplication phase, growth phase, and maturation phase.
Cell Division
Cell division involves the formation of new daughter cells from the parent cells. It is a part of the cell cycle that takes place in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Cell division is required for three main reasons:
- Speculate about the following details of mitosis.
1. Why do chromosomes need to condense during mitosis?
2. Why does the nuclear membrane need to break down at the beginning of prometaphase?
3. Why do chromosomes congress (migrate) toward the metaphase plate during metaphase, and what forces keep the chromosomes there until anaphase begins?
4. What would happen if one kinetochore of one chromosome failed to attach to the spindle and the cell entered anaphase? In a general sense, how do cells normally prevent this situation?
5. During late anaphase and telophase, animal cells elongate to aid the eventual separation of the two daughter cells in cytokinesis. This elongation can occur even in cell suspensions, where different cells do not come into contact. Are the forces that elongate the cell likely to be pushing forces or pulling forces, and where do these forces come from?
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