(a) Draw a pair of acrocentric homologous chromosomes as they would appear in Gz Indicate centromeres with a small circle, and place the alleles A and a on each of the chromatids. (b) Draw the same chromosomes as they would appear in G₁. Place the alleles A and a on each of the chromatids.
(a) Draw a pair of acrocentric homologous chromosomes as they would appear in Gz Indicate centromeres with a small circle, and place the alleles A and a on each of the chromatids. (b) Draw the same chromosomes as they would appear in G₁. Place the alleles A and a on each of the chromatids.
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Question
Transcribed Image Text:### Chromosome Representation in G Phases
#### Educational Activity Instructions:
(a) **G₂ Phase Chromosome Representation**:
- Draw a pair of acrocentric homologous chromosomes as they would appear in the G₂ phase.
- Indicate the centromeres with a small circle.
- Place the alleles **A** and **a** on each of the chromatids.
(b) **G₁ Phase Chromosome Representation**:
- Draw the same chromosomes as they would appear in the G₁ phase.
- Place the alleles **A** and **a** on each of the chromatids.
#### Explanation of Terms:
- **Acrocentric Chromosomes**: Chromosomes with the centromere located quite close to one end, resulting in one very short (p) arm and one long (q) arm.
- **Homologous Chromosomes**: A pair of chromosomes containing the same linear gene sequences, each derived from one parent.
- **G₂ Phase**: The second gap phase in the cell cycle, occurring after DNA synthesis (S phase) and before mitosis (M phase); chromatin is in a doubled state.
- **G₁ Phase**: The first gap phase in the cell cycle, occurring prior to the S phase; DNA is in a single-stranded state.
- **Alleles**: Different forms of the same gene, e.g., **A** and **a** represent two different alleles of the same gene.
**Note**: Visual representation like drawings depicting the chromosomes with specified annotations as described should be included for better understanding.
Transcribed Image Text:**Topic: Cell Biology**
1. **Describe what is happening to chromosomes during the five substages of prophase I.**
2. **Describe the difference between the centromere and kinetochore.**
3. **Describe the difference between G₁ and G₂ of the cell cycle.**
Explanation: Each question is crafted to enhance the comprehension of key concepts within cell biology, particularly focusing on chromosomes during meiosis, and the detailed structure and functioning of cell components during the cell cycle. Exploring these aspects helps in understanding fundamental biological processes essential for the growth, development, and maintenance of life.
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