SOLUTIONS AND PURE SUBSTANCES TO2/S04 If 150 mL of 5.40 M aqueous HCI and 160 mL of 0.938 M aqueous Na2CO3 are reacted stoichiometrically according to the balanced equation, how many grams of liquid H20 are produced? Molar Mass (g/mol) 36.461 HCI NazCO3(aq) + 2HCI(aq) - CO2(g) + 2NACI(aq) + H2o(1) Na2CO3 105.99 Н2о 18.015 Density (g/mL) H20 0.9982 Molar Volume (L) 22.4 at STP Gas Constant (L'atm'mol"1-K*1) 0.0821 the tolerance is +/-2%
Electronic Effects
The effect of electrons that are located in the chemical bonds within the atoms of the molecule is termed an electronic effect. The electronic effect is also explained as the effect through which the reactivity of the compound in one portion is controlled by the electron repulsion or attraction producing in another portion of the molecule.
Drawing Resonance Forms
In organic chemistry, resonance may be a mental exercise that illustrates the delocalization of electrons inside molecules within the valence bond theory of octet bonding. It entails creating several Lewis structures that, when combined, reflect the molecule's entire electronic structure. One Lewis diagram cannot explain the bonding (lone pair, double bond, octet) elaborately. A hybrid describes a combination of possible resonance structures that represents the entire delocalization of electrons within the molecule.
Using Molecular Structure To Predict Equilibrium
Equilibrium does not always imply an equal presence of reactants and products. This signifies that the reaction reaches a point when reactant and product quantities remain constant as the rate of forward and backward reaction is the same. Molecular structures of various compounds can help in predicting equilibrium.
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Determine number of moles of each reactant:
1 mL = 0.001 L
From the balanced equation, it is clear that 1 mol Na2CO3 reacts with 2 mol HCl.
Hence, 0.810 mol HCl has to react with 0.405 mol Na2CO3 but has only 0.150 mol Na2CO3. Therefore, Na2CO3 is the limiting reagent (excess HCl is present).
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