SITUATION. A square footing is to support a 400 mm x 400 mm column carrying 1400 kN live load and 1200 kN dead load. The allowable soil pressure is 250 kPa. The bottom of the footing is situated 1 m below the ground surface. Assume the average unit weight of soil and concrete is 19 kN/m3. For footing, use fe' = 21 MPa and for column, use fc' 28 MPa. For all steel bars, fy 414 MPa. 1. Determine the dimensions of the footing. A 3.1 m в 3.2 m 3.3 m D 3.4 m

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Load and resistance factor design

Load and resistance factors design (LRFD), also known as Limit state design (LSD), refers to the design method used in building engineering. A boundary condition is a condition of a structure where it can no longer meet the relevant design requirements. The condition may refer to the load level or other actions on the structure, while the terms refer to the integrity of the structure, suitability for use, durability, or other design requirements. A structure designed for LRFD is limited to keeping track of all possible actions during its design time and is always ready for use, with the appropriate level of reliability in each boundary condition. LRFD-based construction codes clearly define the appropriate levels of reliability in their instructions.