**Title: Understanding the Predominant Form of Histidine at Different pH Levels****Introduction:**This exercise explores the ionization state of histidine at a specific pH and requires an understanding of its chemical properties and stereochemistry.**Task:**- **Objective:** Draw the predominant form of histidine at pH = 2.9.- **Details:** The pKa of the side chain is 6.1. Proper stereochemistry should be included in your drawing.**Chemical Structure Reference:**- An image of the histidine structure is provided, displaying: - A central carbon atom bonded to an amino group (NH₂), a single hydrogen atom, and a carboxyl group (COOH). - A side chain with an imidazole ring.**Instructions:**- Examine the given structure.- Consider pH = 2.9, which is a measure of acidity.- Compare this pH with the pKa of the histidine side chain (6.1) to determine the ionization state. **Diagram Visualization:**- A placeholder box labeled "Select to Draw" is provided for you to illustrate the predominant form of histidine at pH 2.9. **Approach:**1. Determine Protonation States: - At pH = 2.9, the environment is more acidic compared to the pKa of the imidazole side chain (6.1). - This suggests protonation of the histidine side chain.2. Draw Accurate Structure: - Make necessary adjustments to show ionization at this lower pH. - Ensure that stereochemistry is accurately represented in your illustration.By completing this task, you will gain insights into how pH affects the charge and structure of amino acids like histidine.

If the pH is greater than pKa then deprotonation occurs and it exists in deprotonation form. While…

Answered: side chain is 6.1. Include proper…

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side chain is 6.1. Include proper stereochemistry. N H₂N, H OH pH = 2.9

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Alkanes are saturated organic compounds which are made up of C and H atoms. Alkanes have the general formula of CnH2n+2. Alkane contains sp3 hybridized carbon atoms with four sigmas (σ) bonds & every hydrogen atom is connected with one of the carbon atoms. The size of the alkane could be determined by the number of carbon atoms located in it.

Question

**Title: Understanding the Predominant Form of Histidine at Different pH Levels**

**Introduction:**
This exercise explores the ionization state of histidine at a specific pH and requires an understanding of its chemical properties and stereochemistry.

**Task:**
- **Objective:** Draw the predominant form of histidine at pH = 2.9.
- **Details:** The pKa of the side chain is 6.1. Proper stereochemistry should be included in your drawing.

**Chemical Structure Reference:**
- An image of the histidine structure is provided, displaying:
- A central carbon atom bonded to an amino group (NH₂), a single hydrogen atom, and a carboxyl group (COOH).
- A side chain with an imidazole ring.

**Instructions:**
- Examine the given structure.
- Consider pH = 2.9, which is a measure of acidity.
- Compare this pH with the pKa of the histidine side chain (6.1) to determine the ionization state.

**Diagram Visualization:**
- A placeholder box labeled "Select to Draw" is provided for you to illustrate the predominant form of histidine at pH 2.9.

**Approach:**
1. Determine Protonation States:
- At pH = 2.9, the environment is more acidic compared to the pKa of the imidazole side chain (6.1).
- This suggests protonation of the histidine side chain.

2. Draw Accurate Structure:
- Make necessary adjustments to show ionization at this lower pH.
- Ensure that stereochemistry is accurately represented in your illustration.

By completing this task, you will gain insights into how pH affects the charge and structure of amino acids like histidine.

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