Show the frontier and explored set at (the beginning of) every iteration for the above Uniform Cost Search algorithm on the same maze: Table with frontier Frontier (priority queue with priority=path cost) Explored set S(O) A(1),B(1),C(2) ? (start with the table above and add more rows) {} {S} ?
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- For the traversal log: {X, Y, Z, W, Y, A, B, C, D, Y, C, D, E, F, D, E, X, Y, A, B, M, N}, a. Find maximal forward references. b. Find large reference sequences if the threshold value is 0.3 (or 30%). c. Find maximal reference sequences.Use of Matching for Edge ColouringEdges in a matching can share the same colour since matching in a graph is defined as the collection of non-adjacent edges. As a result, we can create an algorithm based on this idea using the below stages. 1. Input: G = (V, E)2. Output: Minimal edge coloring of G3. color ← 04. while G = ∅$5. find maximal matching M of G6. color all M vertices with color7. G ← G − M8. color ← color + 1implementation of PythonA two dimensional array of red and green entries represents a maze. Green entries are passable and red entries are blocked (like a wall). Two special green entries en and ex denote the entrance and exit of the maze. (1) Abstract the problem as a graph; (2) Design an efficient algorithm (pseudo code) to find a shortest path from en to ex if it exists and then print out the path; (3) Analyze the complexity of the algorithm.
- You are given a tree T with n vertices, rooted at vertex 1. Each vertex i has an associated value ai , which may be negative. You wish to colour each vertex either red or black. However, you must ensure that for each pair of red vertices, the path between them in T consists only of red vertices.Design an algorithm which runs in O(n) time and finds the maximum possible sum of values of red vertices, satisfying the constraint above.Given a linked list L storing n integers, present an algorithm (either in words or in a pseudocode) that decides whether L contains any 0 or not. The output of your algorithm should be either Yes or No. What is the running time of your algorithm in the worst-case, using O notation?Suppose that you have a maze search problem. From each numbered square in the maze, youmay move that exact number of squares horizontally or vertically in a straight line. Startingat a particular square (e.g. the top-left corner), find a path to the goal square marked "G".3 4 1 3 1 3 3 3 G 2 3 1 2 2 3 4 2 3 3 3 4 1 4 3 2 Describe the State Space components of this problem. Then solve the problem using breadthirst search and the depth first search. Hint: Indicate the changes to the Open and ClosedQueues in solving this problem for each type of search.
- Show what the final distance and previous array values will be after running the shortest path algorithm from class on the following graph, starting at vertex 2: 1 6 5 4 4 4 2 7 0 5 5 6 2 2 3 13 6PLEASE USE PYTHONGiven a jungle matrix NxM:jungle = [ [1, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 0, 1], [0, 1, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1,]]Where 0 means the block is dead end and 1 means the block can be used in the path fromsource to destination.Task:Starting at position (0, 0), the goal is to reach position (N-1, M-1).Your program needs to build and output the solution matrix – a 4x4 matrix with 1’s inpositions used to get from the starting position (0,0) to the ending position (N-1,M-1)with the following constraints:You can only move one space at a timeYou can only in two directions: forward and down.You can only pass thru spaces on the jungle matrix marked ‘1’If you cannot reach the ending position – print a message that you’re trapped in thejungleAlgorithm:If destination is reachedprint the solution matrixElseMark current cell in the solution matrixMove forward horizontally and recursively check if this leads to a solution If there is no solution, move down and recursively check if this leads to a solution If…