Show that the Hamiltonian H = (p2/2m) + V commutes with all three components of L, provided that V depends only on r. (Thus H, L², and L. are mutually compatible observables.)
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- Consider a system spin-1/2 system, denoted by A, interacting with another system spin-1/2 system, denoted by B, such that the state of the combined system is AB) a++ B|-+). Find (a) the density matrix PA for system A corresponding to this state and (b) obtain the formulas for (()).Problem 2 The relativistic Lagrangian for a particle of rest mass m moving along the x-axis in a potential V(x) is given by 2 L = -mc² 1 V(x) c2 (a) Derive the Euler-Lagrange equation of motion. (b) Show that it reduces to Newton's equation in the limit |*| << c. (c) Compute the Hamiltonian H of the system. Eliminate ȧ from the Hamiltonian by using the equation ƏL p = ax and write H = H(p, x) as a function of x and p only.Problem 3: A mass m is thrown from the origin att = 0 with initial three-momentum po in the y direction. If it is subject to a constant force F, in the x direction, find its velocity v as a function of t, and by integrating v find its trajectory. Check that in the non-relativistic limit the trajectory is the expected parabola. Hint: The relationship F = P is still true in relativistic mechanics, but now p = ymv instead of p = mv. To find the non-relativistic limit, treat c as a very large quantity and use the Taylor approximation (1+ x)" = 1 + nx when a is small.
- Suppose that we want to solve Laplace’s equation inside a hollow rectangular box, with sides of length a, b and c in the x, y and z directions, respectively. Let us set up the axes so that the origin is at one corner of the box, so that the faces are located at x = 0 and x = a; at y = 0 and y = b; and at z = 0 and z = c. Suppose that the faces are all held at zero potential, except for the face atz=c,onwhichthepotentialisspecifiedtobeV(x,y,c)=V0 =const. a) Find the electrostatic potential V at a generic point inside the box.b) Find the expression for the electrostatic potential evaluated at the center of the box, i.e. deter- mine V (a/2, b/2, c/2). Simplify your answer as much as you can! c) Suppose now that a = b = c, i.e. the box is a cube. Give a simple argument which gives theexact (and simple) expression for the potential at the center of the cube. (No calculations are asked here. Use physics, wave your hands, etc. and say “the answer is such and such because ...”)The Hamiltonian matrix has been constructed using an orthonormal basis. (1 1 0V (1 0 1) A = (2 1 0 )+(0 2 2 \2 1 4 where H = Hº + V and cis a constant. 1 2 0/ b) Use time-independent perturbation theory to determine the eigenvalues with corrections up to second order.