Problem 3: A mass m is thrown from the origin att = 0 with initial three-momentum po in the y direction. If it is subject to a constant force Fo in the x direction, find its velocity v as a function of t, and by integrating v find its trajectory. Check that in the non-relativistic limit the trajectory is the expected parabola. Hint: The relationship F = P is still true in relativistic mechanics, but now p = ymv instead of p = mv. To find the non-relativistic limit, treat c as a very large quantity and use the Taylor approximation (1+ x)" = 1 + nx when a is small.
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- Let L be the angular momentum of a system of particles relative to a frame with origin at O, and let L' be the angular momentum of the system relative to a frame with origin O' at the CM. Prove that L = L'+R x P, (1) MR with M the total where R is the position vector of O' relative to O and P = mass of the system.An asteroid of mass 1000 kg travels through space with speed a) What is the total energy of the asteroid? (You can leave your response as a math function, but please simplify as much as you can.) b) The asteroid has a rest length of 20 m. What length would an observer on Earth see? (You can leave your response as a math function, but please simplify as much as you can.)Consider the equation for kinetic energy: KE = 1/2mv^2 = 1/2 * m * v^2. If I ask you to take the derivative of kinetic energy, you should ask "the derivative with respect to what?" a) Suppose mass m is constant. Compute the derivative of KE with respect to v, (d(KE)/dv). b) Who takes derivatives with respect to velocity? No one. Except you, just now. Sorry. The rate of change of energy with respect to time is more important: it is the Power. Now, consider velocity v to be a function of time, v(t). We will rewrite KE showing this time dependance: KE= 1/2 * m * v(t)^2. Show that (d(KE)/dt) = F(t)v(t). Hint: use Newton's second law, F = ma, to simplify. c) In the computation above, we assumed m was constant, and v was changing in time. Think of a physical situation in which both m and v are varying in time. d) Compute the Power when both mass and velocity are changing in time. (First rewrite KE(t) showing time dependence, then compute (d(KE)/dt).
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