Fig. 1. Landscape-level effects of trophic cascades from five selected freshwater and marine ecosys- tems. (A) Shallow seafloor community at Amchitka Island (Aleutian archipelago) before (1971; photo credit: P. K. Dayton) and after (2009) the collapse of sea otter populations. Sea otters enhance kelp abundance (right) by limiting herbivorous sea ur- chins (left) (20). (B) A plot in the rocky intertidal zone of central California before (September 2001, right) and after (August 2003, left) seastar (Pisaster ochraceous) exclusion. Pisaster increases species diversity by preventing competitive dominance of mussels. [Photo credits: D. Hart] (C) Long Lake (Michigan) with largemouth bass present (right) and experimentally removed (left). Bass indirectly reduce phytoplankton (thereby increasing water clarity) by limiting smaller zooplanktivorous fishes, thus causing zooplankton to increase and phyto- plankton to decline (26). (D) Coral reef ecosystems of uninhabited Jarvis Island (right, unfished) and neighboring Kiritimati Island (left, with an active reef fishery). Fishing alters the patterns of predation and herbivory, leading to shifted benthic dynamics, with the competitive advantage of reef-building corals and coralline algae diminished in concert with removal of large fish (66). (E) Pools in Brier Creek, a prairie margin stream in south-central Okla- homa with (right) and lacking (left) largemouth and spotted bass. The predatory bass extirpate herbiv- orous minnows, promoting the growth of benthic algae (67). Select the figure that corresponds to the rocky intertidal zone of central California in the absence of sea stars. A B Α A B
Fig. 1. Landscape-level effects of trophic cascades from five selected freshwater and marine ecosys- tems. (A) Shallow seafloor community at Amchitka Island (Aleutian archipelago) before (1971; photo credit: P. K. Dayton) and after (2009) the collapse of sea otter populations. Sea otters enhance kelp abundance (right) by limiting herbivorous sea ur- chins (left) (20). (B) A plot in the rocky intertidal zone of central California before (September 2001, right) and after (August 2003, left) seastar (Pisaster ochraceous) exclusion. Pisaster increases species diversity by preventing competitive dominance of mussels. [Photo credits: D. Hart] (C) Long Lake (Michigan) with largemouth bass present (right) and experimentally removed (left). Bass indirectly reduce phytoplankton (thereby increasing water clarity) by limiting smaller zooplanktivorous fishes, thus causing zooplankton to increase and phyto- plankton to decline (26). (D) Coral reef ecosystems of uninhabited Jarvis Island (right, unfished) and neighboring Kiritimati Island (left, with an active reef fishery). Fishing alters the patterns of predation and herbivory, leading to shifted benthic dynamics, with the competitive advantage of reef-building corals and coralline algae diminished in concert with removal of large fish (66). (E) Pools in Brier Creek, a prairie margin stream in south-central Okla- homa with (right) and lacking (left) largemouth and spotted bass. The predatory bass extirpate herbiv- orous minnows, promoting the growth of benthic algae (67). Select the figure that corresponds to the rocky intertidal zone of central California in the absence of sea stars. A B Α A B
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
Related questions
Question
![Fig. 1. Landscape-level effects of trophic cascades
from five selected freshwater and marine ecosys-
tems. (A) Shallow seafloor community at Amchitka
Island (Aleutian archipelago) before (1971; photo
credit: P. K. Dayton) and after (2009) the collapse
of sea otter populations. Sea otters enhance kelp
abundance (right) by limiting herbivorous sea ur-
chins (left) (20). (B) A plot in the rocky intertidal
zone of central California before (September 2001,
right) and after (August 2003, left) seastar (Pisaster
ochraceous) exclusion. Pisaster increases species
diversity by preventing competitive dominance
of mussels. [Photo credits: D. Hart] (C) Long Lake
(Michigan) with largemouth bass present (right)
and experimentally removed (left). Bass indirectly
reduce phytoplankton (thereby increasing water
clarity) by limiting smaller zooplanktivorous fishes,
thus causing zooplankton to increase and phyto-
plankton to decline (26). (D) Coral reef ecosystems
of uninhabited Jarvis Island (right, unfished) and
neighboring Kiritimati Island (left, with an active
reef fishery). Fishing alters the patterns of predation
and herbivory, leading to shifted benthic dynamics,
with the competitive advantage of reef-building
corals and coralline algae diminished in concert
with removal of large fish (66). (E) Pools in Brier
Creek, a prairie margin stream in south-central Okla-
homa with (right) and lacking (left) largemouth and
spotted bass. The predatory bass extirpate herbiv-
orous minnows, promoting the growth of benthic
algae (67).](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fb3562ad8-ab81-450b-bc7a-9ab2bffbabd3%2F74083675-7caf-4baf-acd3-1407b0d94cb2%2Fovvq84_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Fig. 1. Landscape-level effects of trophic cascades
from five selected freshwater and marine ecosys-
tems. (A) Shallow seafloor community at Amchitka
Island (Aleutian archipelago) before (1971; photo
credit: P. K. Dayton) and after (2009) the collapse
of sea otter populations. Sea otters enhance kelp
abundance (right) by limiting herbivorous sea ur-
chins (left) (20). (B) A plot in the rocky intertidal
zone of central California before (September 2001,
right) and after (August 2003, left) seastar (Pisaster
ochraceous) exclusion. Pisaster increases species
diversity by preventing competitive dominance
of mussels. [Photo credits: D. Hart] (C) Long Lake
(Michigan) with largemouth bass present (right)
and experimentally removed (left). Bass indirectly
reduce phytoplankton (thereby increasing water
clarity) by limiting smaller zooplanktivorous fishes,
thus causing zooplankton to increase and phyto-
plankton to decline (26). (D) Coral reef ecosystems
of uninhabited Jarvis Island (right, unfished) and
neighboring Kiritimati Island (left, with an active
reef fishery). Fishing alters the patterns of predation
and herbivory, leading to shifted benthic dynamics,
with the competitive advantage of reef-building
corals and coralline algae diminished in concert
with removal of large fish (66). (E) Pools in Brier
Creek, a prairie margin stream in south-central Okla-
homa with (right) and lacking (left) largemouth and
spotted bass. The predatory bass extirpate herbiv-
orous minnows, promoting the growth of benthic
algae (67).
Transcribed Image Text:Select the figure that corresponds to the rocky intertidal zone of central California in the absence of sea stars.
A
B
Α
A B
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