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Fig. 1. Landscape-level effects of trophic cascades from five selected freshwater and marine ecosys- tems. (A) Shallow seafloor community at Amchitka Island (Aleutian archipelago) before (1971; photo credit: P. K. Dayton) and after (2009) the collapse of sea otter populations. Sea otters enhance kelp abundance (right) by limiting herbivorous sea ur- chins (left) (20). (B) A plot in the rocky intertidal zone of central California before (September 2001, right) and after (August 2003, left) seastar (Pisaster ochraceous) exclusion. Pisaster increases species diversity by preventing competitive dominance of mussels. [Photo credits: D. Hart] (C) Long Lake (Michigan) with largemouth bass present (right) and experimentally removed (left). Bass indirectly reduce phytoplankton (thereby increasing water clarity) by limiting smaller zooplanktivorous fishes, thus causing zooplankton to increase and phyto- plankton to decline (26). (D) Coral reef ecosystems of uninhabited Jarvis Island (right, unfished) and neighboring Kiritimati Island (left, with an active reef fishery). Fishing alters the patterns of predation and herbivory, leading to shifted benthic dynamics, with the competitive advantage of reef-building corals and coralline algae diminished in concert with removal of large fish (66). (E) Pools in Brier Creek, a prairie margin stream in south-central Okla- homa with (right) and lacking (left) largemouth and spotted bass. The predatory bass extirpate herbiv- orous minnows, promoting the growth of benthic algae (67). Select the figure that corresponds to the rocky intertidal zone of central California in the absence of sea stars. A B Α A B

Fig. 1. Landscape-level effects of trophic cascades from five selected freshwater and marine ecosys- tems. (A) Shallow seafloor community at Amchitka Island (Aleutian archipelago) before (1971; photo credit: P. K. Dayton) and after (2009) the collapse of sea otter populations. Sea otters enhance kelp abundance (right) by limiting herbivorous sea ur- chins (left) (20). (B) A plot in the rocky intertidal zone of central California before (September 2001, right) and after (August 2003, left) seastar (Pisaster ochraceous) exclusion. Pisaster increases species diversity by preventing competitive dominance of mussels. [Photo credits: D. Hart] (C) Long Lake (Michigan) with largemouth bass present (right) and experimentally removed (left). Bass indirectly reduce phytoplankton (thereby increasing water clarity) by limiting smaller zooplanktivorous fishes, thus causing zooplankton to increase and phyto- plankton to decline (26). (D) Coral reef ecosystems of uninhabited Jarvis Island (right, unfished) and neighboring Kiritimati Island (left, with an active reef fishery). Fishing alters the patterns of predation and herbivory, leading to shifted benthic dynamics, with the competitive advantage of reef-building corals and coralline algae diminished in concert with removal of large fish (66). (E) Pools in Brier Creek, a prairie margin stream in south-central Okla- homa with (right) and lacking (left) largemouth and spotted bass. The predatory bass extirpate herbiv- orous minnows, promoting the growth of benthic algae (67). Select the figure that corresponds to the rocky intertidal zone of central California in the absence of sea stars. A B Α A B

Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Chapter56: Ecology And The Geography Of Life
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 9TYU: The _______________ is open ocean from the shoreline to a depth of 200 m. (a) benthic environment...
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Fig. 1. Landscape-level effects of trophic cascades from five selected freshwater and marine ecosys- tems. (A) Shallow seafloor community at Amchitka Island (Aleutian archipelago) before (1971; photo credit: P. K. Dayton) and after (2009) the collapse of sea otter populations. Sea otters enhance kelp abundance (right) by limiting herbivorous sea ur- chins (left) (20). (B) A plot in the rocky intertidal zone of central California before (September 2001, right) and after (August 2003, left) seastar (Pisaster ochraceous) exclusion. Pisaster increases species diversity by preventing competitive dominance of mussels. [Photo credits: D. Hart] (C) Long Lake (Michigan) with largemouth bass present (right) and experimentally removed (left). Bass indirectly reduce phytoplankton (thereby increasing water clarity) by limiting smaller zooplanktivorous fishes, thus causing zooplankton to increase and phyto- plankton to decline (26). (D) Coral reef ecosystems of uninhabited Jarvis Island (right, unfished) and neighboring Kiritimati Island (left, with an active reef fishery). Fishing alters the patterns of predation and herbivory, leading to shifted benthic dynamics, with the competitive advantage of reef-building corals and coralline algae diminished in concert with removal of large fish (66). (E) Pools in Brier Creek, a prairie margin stream in south-central Okla- homa with (right) and lacking (left) largemouth and spotted bass. The predatory bass extirpate herbiv- orous minnows, promoting the growth of benthic algae (67).
Transcribed Image Text:Fig. 1. Landscape-level effects of trophic cascades from five selected freshwater and marine ecosys- tems. (A) Shallow seafloor community at Amchitka Island (Aleutian archipelago) before (1971; photo credit: P. K. Dayton) and after (2009) the collapse of sea otter populations. Sea otters enhance kelp abundance (right) by limiting herbivorous sea ur- chins (left) (20). (B) A plot in the rocky intertidal zone of central California before (September 2001, right) and after (August 2003, left) seastar (Pisaster ochraceous) exclusion. Pisaster increases species diversity by preventing competitive dominance of mussels. [Photo credits: D. Hart] (C) Long Lake (Michigan) with largemouth bass present (right) and experimentally removed (left). Bass indirectly reduce phytoplankton (thereby increasing water clarity) by limiting smaller zooplanktivorous fishes, thus causing zooplankton to increase and phyto- plankton to decline (26). (D) Coral reef ecosystems of uninhabited Jarvis Island (right, unfished) and neighboring Kiritimati Island (left, with an active reef fishery). Fishing alters the patterns of predation and herbivory, leading to shifted benthic dynamics, with the competitive advantage of reef-building corals and coralline algae diminished in concert with removal of large fish (66). (E) Pools in Brier Creek, a prairie margin stream in south-central Okla- homa with (right) and lacking (left) largemouth and spotted bass. The predatory bass extirpate herbiv- orous minnows, promoting the growth of benthic algae (67).
Select the figure that corresponds to the rocky intertidal zone of central California in the absence of sea stars. A B Α A B
Transcribed Image Text:Select the figure that corresponds to the rocky intertidal zone of central California in the absence of sea stars. A B Α A B
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