select) The default hypothesis to be tested. This hypothesis is rejected when the p-value is below the desired level of significance. select) If the null hypothesis is rejected, this other hypothesis is confirmed. For example, in the legal principle "innocent until proven guilty", innocent is the null hypothesis and guilty is this other hypothesis. [select) The observed level of significance for a test statistic. Assuming the null hypothesis is true, it is the probability of observing a test statistic equal to or larger than the one obtained from the sample. This value is what is returned by the T.DIST.2T or T.TEST function in Excel. The number of observations minus the number of statistics needed to estimate a population parameter. For example, the sample variance is an estimate of the population variance and requires one statistic, the sample mean, to be calculated. This number is used in calculating the t-statistic and thereby the p-value. (select) A standardized measure of the distance between two means. It is the ratio of the difference between two means and their standard error. It is an input for the calculation of the p-value, which determines significance. [select)

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
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As a data analyst, you are presenting to a companies board of advisors and are asked to explain the statistical terms in a regular day language. Match the term to the appropriate definition.
**Educational Website Content: Hypothesis Testing and Statistical Analysis**

---

**Row 54**
- **[select]**: The default hypothesis to be tested. This hypothesis is rejected when the p-value is below the desired level of significance.

**Row 57**
- **[select]**: If the null hypothesis is rejected, this other hypothesis is confirmed. For example, in the legal principle "innocent until proven guilty," innocent is the null hypothesis and guilty is this other hypothesis.

**Row 61**
- **[select]**: The observed level of significance for a test statistic. Assuming the null hypothesis is true, it is the probability of observing a test statistic equal to or larger than the one obtained from the sample. This value is what is returned by the T.DIST.2T or T.TEST function in Excel.

**Row 65**
- **[select]**: The number of observations minus the number of statistics needed to estimate a population parameter. For example, the sample variance is an estimate of the population variance and requires one statistic, the sample mean, to be calculated. This number is used in calculating the t-statistic and thereby the p-value.

**Row 69**
- **[select]**: A standardized measure of the distance between two means. It is the ratio of the difference between two means and their standard error. It is an input for the calculation of the p-value, which determines significance.

---

This content provides a foundational understanding of hypothesis testing used in statistical analysis, detailing the significance of the p-value, null hypothesis, test statistics, and degrees of freedom within sample data analysis.
Transcribed Image Text:**Educational Website Content: Hypothesis Testing and Statistical Analysis** --- **Row 54** - **[select]**: The default hypothesis to be tested. This hypothesis is rejected when the p-value is below the desired level of significance. **Row 57** - **[select]**: If the null hypothesis is rejected, this other hypothesis is confirmed. For example, in the legal principle "innocent until proven guilty," innocent is the null hypothesis and guilty is this other hypothesis. **Row 61** - **[select]**: The observed level of significance for a test statistic. Assuming the null hypothesis is true, it is the probability of observing a test statistic equal to or larger than the one obtained from the sample. This value is what is returned by the T.DIST.2T or T.TEST function in Excel. **Row 65** - **[select]**: The number of observations minus the number of statistics needed to estimate a population parameter. For example, the sample variance is an estimate of the population variance and requires one statistic, the sample mean, to be calculated. This number is used in calculating the t-statistic and thereby the p-value. **Row 69** - **[select]**: A standardized measure of the distance between two means. It is the ratio of the difference between two means and their standard error. It is an input for the calculation of the p-value, which determines significance. --- This content provides a foundational understanding of hypothesis testing used in statistical analysis, detailing the significance of the p-value, null hypothesis, test statistics, and degrees of freedom within sample data analysis.
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