Select all criterion for classifying a substance as a neurotransmitter.(select all that apply)Existence of the substance in the presynaptic terminal.Release of the substance when nerve impulses reach the terminalending.Existence of specific receptors for the substance on thepostsynaptic membrane.Ability of the substance to travel long distances between the siteof origin and the target area.

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that are employed by the body to transmit nerve impulses…

Answered: Select all criterion for classifying a…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation causes an involuntary motor output in response to a magnetic stimulation over the skull. Why do we see this output? Include the following concepts in your response: •neuroanatomy •central versus peripheral nervous system •neuron structure and direction of information flow •hyper versus depolarization •specific ions •membrane potential •diffusion and electrostatic pressure
a channel can be gated mechanically, voltage or by a ligand. When you hear a sound all three of these type channels are being utilized. Explain generally where/how each of these channels are being utilized starting from hearing the sound, through travelling down a nerve to transmission to another nerve.
The following steps refer to various stages in transmission at a chemical synapse. 1. Neurotransmitter binds with receptors associated with the postsynaptic membrane. 2. Calcium ions rush into neuron's cytoplasm. 3. An action potential depolarizes the membrane of the presynaptic axon terminal. 4. The ligand-gated ion channels open. 5. The synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. Which step occurs first in transmission at a chemical synapse? Ostep 1 occurs first step 2 occurs first step 3 occurs first step 4 occurs first Ostep 5 occurs first
Draw a presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron at to demonstrate the release and acceptance of a neurotransmitter. Identify the following in your drawing: Ca2+, synaptic cleft, receptor, synaptic vessicle, SNARE, presynaptic neuron, postsynaptic neuron
Antidepressants work by O increasing presynaptic GABA secretion. increasing serotonin reuptake by the neuron. decreasing BDNF secretion by neurons. decreasing serotonin reuptake by the presynaptic terminal. All the answers are possible.
where are the locations you can these neurotransmitters: Norepinephrine Epinephrine Serotonin Glutamate Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Acetylcholine
Choosing one neurotransmitter, discuss neurotransmission from synthesis to release in the presynaptic neuron to binding and generation of a postsynaptic potential in the postsynaptic neuron.
Correct answer: Ligand-gated ion channel don’t open until the neurotransmitter diffuses across the synapse and binds to the receptor, The calcium channels are blocked in the presynaptic cells, It takes time for the vesicular exocytosis to occur Please explain why each of the correct answer choices are correct. Thank you.
"After an action potential has just passed through the axon hillock, the voltage-gated Na+ channels there won t open for a period of time. However, if the stimulus is strong enough, another action potential can be triggered even during this resting time. This refers to" refractory resting period intermediate resting period relative refractory period absolute refractory period
Studies have shown that individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may have lower than normal amounts of dopamine and norepinephrine excitatory neurotransmitters in their synapses. Methylphenidate is one of the drugs prescribed to individuals with ADHD. It prevents the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine neurotransmitters from the synapses, thereby keeping these neurotransmitters in the synapses longer. Which of the following rows correctly identify the effects of methylphenidate in individuals with ADHD? Select one: a. There is an increase in the permeability of the presynaptic neuron to potassium ions. b. There is a increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic neuron to potassium ions. c. There is an increase in the permeability of the presynaptic neuron to sodium ions. d. There is a increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic neuron to sodium ions.
Describe how neurons communicate. To do this you must address: resting membrane potential; graded potentials; IPSPs; EPSPs; the role of sodium, potassium and calcium; generation of an action potential; inotropic vs metabutropic receptors; why is an AP only one direction; how are neurotransmitters released; continuous vs saltatory conduction; spatial vs temporal summation.
What terms denotes a sudden change (depolarization and repolarization) in the electrical properties of the neuron membrane? Action potential Synaptic transmission Event-related potential Postsynaptic potential ------------------------------------ You step on a brick, ouch. What type of nerve will bring the signal from your foot to your brain? Somatic afferent Somatic efferent automatic afferent automatic afferent ---------------------------------------------- A given neurotransmitter is inhibitory. What might its receptors do? Allow positive ions to enter the cell Allow negative ions to enter the cell Allow positive ions to leave the cell B and C

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