Studies have shown that individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may have lower than normal amounts of dopamine and norepinephrine excitatory neurotransmitters in their synapses. Methylphenidate is one of the drugs prescribed to individuals with ADHD. It prevents the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine neurotransmitters from the synapses, thereby keeping these neurotransmitters in the synapses longer. Which of the following rows correctly identify the effects of methylphenidate in individuals with ADHD? Select one: a. There is an increase in the permeability of the presynaptic neuron to potassium ions. b. There is a increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic neuron to potassium ions. c. There is an increase in the permeability of the presynaptic neuron to sodium ions. d. There is a increase in the permeability of the postsynaptic neuron to sodium ions.

Q: Name two ways drugs can act pre-synaptically to cause neurotransmitter activity in the synapse to…

A: Neurotransmission is the release of signaling molecules by the axon terminals (presynaptic neurons),…

Q: Which of the following neurotransmitters serve as the body's natural painkiller?   Acetylcholine…

A: Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit an indication from a vegetative cell across…

Q: Which of the following statements is true? Chemical messengers within cells are always…

A: The central nervous system (CNS) is a complex network of nerve cells that process and coordinate the…

Q: Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that contributes to feelings of well-being and happiness. The action…

A: Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that contributes to feelings of well-being and happiness. The action…

Q: a. What is the function of cholinesterase in the synapse?  b. How does a cholinesterase inhibitor…

A: The transmission of impulses from any part of the body to the brain is mediated by the nervous…

Q: The neuotransmitter acetylcholine is released from presynaptic neurons in response to a nerve…

A: The neuromuscular junction plays a vital role in the transmission of signals from nerve cells to…

Q: serotonin,y-aminobutyric acid, and dopamine are derived from different amino acids by just one or a…

A: Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that allow neurons (nerve cells) in the brain and other…

Q: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are drugs that inhibit MAO, the enzyme which normally would…

A: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter. When it binds to it's receptors present on the post synaptic neuron…

Q: toxin creates pores that are permeable to Ca2+. Describe its immediate effect on the resting…

A: Action potential the action potential is defined as the rapid rise and fall in the membrane…

Q: Which of the following neurotransmitters would activate an adrenergic receptor? Acetylcholine…

A: The adrenoceptors or the adrenergic receptors refers to a class of G-protein coupled receptors,…

Q: Phenytoin (sodium channel blocker) and ethosuximide (calcium channel blocker) are anti-seizure drugs…

A: Electrical signals regulate the contraction of muscle, secretion of hormones, sensation of the…

Q: Like many neurotransmitters, serotonin (5-HT) can have different postsynaptic effects on different…

A: 1 ) Answer is option A.  There are several types of postsynaptic receptors for serotonin.

Q: Two different groups of researchers are studying alternative methods of treating Parkinson's…

A: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the motor system of the central…

Q: Which of the following channels opens in an excitatory cholinergic response?     ligand-gated K+…

A: Action potentials depolarize the membrane and open voltage-gated Na+ channels when they reach the…

Q: Alzheimer's disease may cause a lack of acetylcholine in some parts of the brain. The lack of…

A: The acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that is released from the presynaptic nerve terminal…

Q: As dopamine neurotransmitters are also responsible for producing feelings of euphoria (pleasure),…

A: Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder that can cause critical disability and…

Q: Classify the following neurotransmitters as excitatory or inhibitory: Acetylcholine Serotonin…

A: Neurotransmitters are secondary chemicals used by the neurons use to communicate with one another…

Q: Which of the following could be used to describe Norepinephrine (NE)? Select all that apply.

A: The endocrine gland secret the chemical massangers directly in the blood which is known as the…

Q: which of the following is the best comparison of GABA and glutamate Select one: a. all of these are…

A: Glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are important neurotransmitters in the mammalian brain.…

Q: A neurotransmitter that binds to a G-protein-linked receptor, such as a biogenic amine, that…

A: The question revolves around the concept of neurotransmission, specifically focusing on the role of…

Q: Select ALL statements that are TRUE regarding a drug that would inactivate the enzyme…

A: A drug that inactivates the enzyme called acetylcholinesterase is known as Acetylcholinesterase…

Q: If a newly-developed drug is found to bind to dopamine receptors but does not activate them, how…

A: introduction Dopamine receptors are a class of a protein coupled receptors  that are prominent in…

Q: Relatively high velocity (speed) action potential propagation is a feature of axons that have which…

A: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: Name and discuss the function of 2 common neurotransmitters.

A: The neurotransmitter is a type of chemical messengers that send signals across a chemical synapse,…

Q: autonomic system and identify the neurotransmitters and receptors such as dopamine,norephinephrine…

A: The autonomic nervous system is responsible for controlling involuntary movements aids in the…

Q: MDMA affects the brain primarily by binding to serotonin uptake pumps/transporter serotonin…

A: MDMA stands for 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine. It is used as a drug and as a potent stimulant of…

Q: Name two ways by which neurotransmitter can be eliminated

A: The synapse must be cleared before synaptic transmission may occur.

Q: patients during the acute phase of opioid withdrawal, clinicians may use NSS-2 Bridge device, which…

A: Opioids are the drugs which are used to ease the pain. After the heavy use of such opioids the body…

Q: Describe the actions that take place at the synapse. Explain how specific drugs can alter this…

A: A synapse is a specialized junction between two neurons, or between a neuron and a target cell such…

Emotions

Emotions are biologically based psychological conditions caused by neurophysiological changes which are linked to different factors such as thoughts, emotions, behavioral responses, and pleasure or displeasure. These emotions are not similar to moods. The mood is an affective state. Mood depends upon several factors, such as weather, the environment, physiology, etc. Emotions can be beneficial or detrimental depending on the situation. Emotional reactions are simple. Emotional well-being is strongly affected by our well-being, and such feelings are private.