SECTION B: ANSWER ONLY ONE (1) QUESTIONQ1.The average annual precipitation of Atweneboanda a village community in the WesternRegion of Ghana is 870 mm/yr. This sub-catchment with an area of about 24 km2 has anannual evaporation of 300 mm/yr and an infiltration rate of 200 mm/yr, assuming the basicconcept of the water balance;Calculate the runoff Q in m/s from within the sub-catchment.Industrial pollution arising from the establishment of the oil company within thecommunity over two decades resulted in an annual average precipitation of 1700mm/yr with a corresponding evaporation rate of 320 mm/yr. Urbanization alsoresulted in an increased runoff rate of 1.03m/s. Compute the infiltration rate of thesub-catchment in mm/yr. Explain the significance of your answer.Calculate the percentage change in perviousness of the catchment over the studiedperiodI.II.III.Q 2.The average annual rainfall is 800 mm/yr in a catchment of l100 km2. In its original conditionthe average annual total runoff is 1.1 m/s. In an average year, 50% of the rainfall infiltratesand 12.5% of the rainfall reaches groundwater. Tests have shown that the average annualevapotranspiration from the unsaturated zone is 340 mm/yr. Assume water balance over longtime period, compute the following3;i. How much water (mm/yr) reaches the root zone through capillary rise?ii. How much water seeps out from the groundwater to the surface water in an averageyear (mm/yr)?iii. How much water evaporates directly from interception in mm/yr?iv. How much is the total evapotranspiration (mm/yr) in the catchment in an averageyear?

Precipitation P=870 mm/yeararea A=24 km2Evaporation E=300 mm/yearinfilteration rate I=200…

SECTION B: ANSWER ONLY ONE (1) QUESTION Q1. The average annual precipitation of Atweneboanda a village community in the Western Region of Ghana is 870 mm/yr. This sub-catchment with an area of about 24 km2 has an annual evaporation of 300 mm/yr and an infiltration rate of 200 mm/yr, assuming the basic concept of the water balance; Calculate the runoff Q in m/s from within the sub-catchment. Industrial pollution arising from the establishment of the oil company within the community over two decades resulted in an annual average precipitation of 1700 mm/yr with a corresponding evaporation rate of 320 mm/yr. Urbanization also resulted in an increased runoff rate of 1.03m/s. Compute the infiltration rate of the sub-catchment in mm/yr. Explain the significance of your answer. I. II.

SECTION B: ANSWER ONLY ONE (1) QUESTION Q1. The average annual precipitation of Atweneboanda a village community in the Western Region of Ghana is 870 mm/yr. This sub-catchment with an area of about 24 km2 has an annual evaporation of 300 mm/yr and an infiltration rate of 200 mm/yr, assuming the basic concept of the water balance; Calculate the runoff Q in m/s from within the sub-catchment. Industrial pollution arising from the establishment of the oil company within the community over two decades resulted in an annual average precipitation of 1700 mm/yr with a corresponding evaporation rate of 320 mm/yr. Urbanization also resulted in an increased runoff rate of 1.03m/s. Compute the infiltration rate of the sub-catchment in mm/yr. Explain the significance of your answer. I. II.

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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QI. The average anual precipitation of Atwencboanda a village community in the Western Region of Ghana is 870 mm/yr. This sub-catchment with an area of about 24 km2 has an annual evaporation of 300 mm/yr and an infiltration rate of 200 mm/yr., assuming the basic concept of the water balance; 1. Calculate the runoff Q in m'/s from within the sub-catchment. Il. Industrial pollution arising from the establishment of the oil company within the community over two decades resulted in an annual average precipitation of 1700 mm/yr with a corresponding evaporation rate of 320 mm/yr. Urbanization also resulted in an increased runoff rate of 1.03m/s. Compute the infiltration rate of the sub-catchment in mm/yr. Explain the significance of your answer. Calculate the percentage change in perviousness of the catchment over the studied period II.
Hydrological cycle..
Example 5. (a) The peak of flood hydrograph due to a 3-h duration isolated storm in a catchment is 270 m³/s. The total depth of rainfall is 5.9 cm. Assuming an average infiltration loss of 0.3 cm/h and a constant base flow of 20 m³/s, estimate the peak of the 3-h unit hydrograph (UH) of this catchment. (b) If the area of the catchment is 567 km² determine the base width of the 3-h unit hydrograph by assuming it to be triangular.
For a certain catchment with an area of 1000000m2, the average precipitation was 7cm and infiltration was 4cm. The hydrograph values are 20, 60, 88, 105, 70, 57, 20, and 5 m3/s and the base flow has constant value of 10 m3/s, the peak unit hydrograph ordinate is equal to
1. A lake has a water surface elevation of 84.50m above datum at the beginning of a certain month. In that month the lake received an average inflow of 8.5 m³/s from surface runoff sources. In the same period the outflow from the lake had an average value of 5.6 m³/s. Further in that month, the lake received a rainfall of 160mm and the evaporation from the lake surface was estimated as 7.10 cm. Write the water budget equation for the lake and calculate the water surface elevation of the lake at the end of the month. The average lake surface area can be taken as 6,500 hectares. Assume that there is no contribution to or from groundwater storage.
2. A small catchment of area 200 hectares received a rainfall of 12.4cm in 120 minutes due to a storm. At the outlet of the catchment, the stream draining the catchment was dry before the storm an experienced a runoff lasting for 8 hours with an average discharge of 1.2m3/s. The stream was again dry after the runoff event. (a) What is the amount of water which was not available to runoff due to combined effect of infiltration, evaporation and transpiration? (b) What is the ratio of runoff to precipitation?
Hrdology.
A lake with a surface area of 5km2 had a water surface elevation of 103.2m above datum at the beginning of a certain month. In that month the lake received an average inflow of 6m³/s from surface runoff source. In the same period the outflow from the lake had an average value of 6.5 m³/s. Further, in that month, the lake received a rainfall of 145mm and the evaporation from the lake surface was estimated as 6.10cm. Calculate the water surface elvation of the lake at the end of the month.
For a catchment in India, the mean monthly temperatures are given. Estimate the runoff and annual runoff coefficient by Khosla’s method.
If the Kuils River has a catchment area of 200 square kilometres and receives in a year 600 mm/year of rainfall, and the runoff from this catchment is 100 mm/year. Assuming that there is no loss to or gain of water from subsurface storage, the amount of evaporation isA) 400 mm/year, B) 500 mm/year, C) 300 mm/year D) 900 mm/year