Sample Problem 3: A lap joint shown is bolted with an A325 bolts having a diameter of 22 mm and A572 Grade 50 plate material 16 mm x 150 mm with standard T T 16 mm 1181 TR 16 mm 150mm holes. Assume diameter of holes is 8 mm larger than the bolt. Fy = 345.6 MPa, Fu = 449.3 MPa, F, = 207.3 MPa for bearing type connection. F, = 121 MPa for a friction type connection. a. Determine the tensile capacity of the plates if it is bearing type connection b. Determine the tensile capacity of the plates if it is friction type connection c. Compute the minimum theoretical length of the lap if it is a friction type connection.

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Bars

In civil engineering, bars refer to steel reinforcement bars or rebars. These are structural members primarily used for reinforcement purposes in masonry works. A bar is characterized by its cross-sectional area, which is negligible compared to its length. Bars are usually manufactured by steel which is uniform throughout the length, or by meshing multiple steel wires. Other materials of the bar include carbon steel, glass fiber, carbon fiber, and basalt fiber. The reinforcing bars are coated with epoxy resins and other materials to enhance some of their properties including corrosion resistance.