Review your understanding of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation by classifying each characteristic belowaccording to its pathway for cellular energy transfer.Enzyme location: MitochondrialmatrixFinal product: Pyruvate (underaerobic conditions)Entering substrates: Acetylcoenzyme A and some amino acidintermediatesATP production: 3 ATP from eachNADH + H+ and 2 ATP from eachFADH2Entering substrates: glucose andother monosaccharidesFinal product 2 CO2 for eachacetyl coenzyme AFinal product: Intermediates usedfor amino acid/organic moleculesynthesisEnzyme location: CytosolCoenzyme production: 3 NADH +3H- and 1 FADH2Coenzyme production: 2 NADH +2 H (under aerobic conditions)ATP production: 2 per glucosemoleculeATP production: 1 GTP formeddirectly can be converted to ATPEntering substrates Hydrogenions and molecular oxygenFinal product H2O - one moleculefor each pair of hydrogen ionsEnzyme location: Innermitochondrial membraneFinal product Lactate (underanaerobic conditions)GlycolysisKrebs CycleOxidative PhosphorylationEntering substrates: glucose andother monosaccharidesFinal product 2 CO2 for eachacetyl coenzyme AEnzyme location: MitochondrialmatrixEnzyme location: CytosolEntering substrates: Hydrogenions and molecular oxygenFinal product: Pyruvate (underaerobic conditions)

Glycolysis is a catabolic process in which glucose is broken down into pyruvate molecules…

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Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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ATP synthesis in mitochondria requires all of the following EXCEPT (select two answers) a hydrogen ion concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane the oxidation of dinucleotide molecules that act as electron carriers fermentation of pyruvate into lactate to regenerate NAD+ the reduction O2, forming H2O the breakdown of glucose
A cell is grown on minimal media containing only glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as a source of carbon and energy. What is the most likely place this compound would enter the metabolic cycle? Group of answer choices Glycolysis Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA The TCA Cycle The Electron Transport Chain
Which of the following conditions will produce active glycogen phosphorylase? AMP АТР Phosphorylation of Serine 14 Glucose Glucose-6-Phosphate Phosphorylation of Serine 14 and AMP Phosphorylation of Serine 14 and ATP
how many net ATP molecules does the citric acid cycle generate in total? Consider both ATP generated directly by the citric acid cycle and ATP generated downstream in oxidative phosphorylation using other molecuies generated by the citric acid cycle For your answer, consider ATP and GTP to be equivalent A) 32 B) 20 C) 2 D) 10 E) 1
Other than oxidative phosphorylation, what other metabolic pathway does "Complex 2" participate in? 1. Glycolysis 2. Gluconeogenesis 3. Lactic acid fermentation 4. Citric acid cycle
Which of the following biochemical reactions should be classified as endergonic (endothermic)? conversion of glucose into amylopectin conversion of lactose into glucose and galactose conversion of glycogen into glucose conversion of sucrose into glucose and fructose conversion of amylose into glucose
For each of the following molecules determine how much ATP would be net from aerobic cellular respiration. Show your work. Which of the following produces the most energy? (a) Triglycerides are first digested into glycerol and fatty acids. The catabolism of this triglyceride yields: 1 DHAP molecule, 15 FADH2, 15 NADH, and 18 acetyl- COA. (b) Proteins are first digested into individual amino acids. Deamination removes the amine group from each amino acid. The resulting catabolism produces 12 pyruvate molecules.
What is the overall net reaction of glycolysis? C6H12O6 + 2 NADH + 2 P₁ + 2 ATP --> 2 C3H3O3 + 2 NAD+ + 2 H+ + 2 H₂O + 2 ADP C6H12O6 + 2 NAD+ + 4 P₁ + 4 ADP --> 2 C3H3O3 + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 H₂O + 4 ATP Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 P₁ + 2 ADP --> 2 C3H3O3 + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 H₂O + 2 ATP Glucose + 2 FAD + 2 P; + 2 ADP --> 2 Pyruvate + 2 FADH₂ + 2 H+ + 2 H₂O + 2 ATP C6H12O6 + 2 NAD+ + 2 P₁ + 2 ADP --> Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 H₂O + 2 ATP
Which of the following statements is true regarding metabolic pathways? NAD+ is used as a most commonly in anabolic pathways while NADPH is used most commonly in catabolic pathways. none of the answers choices are correct. catabolic pathways use a wide variety of substrates to produce a small number of waste products. O atabolic pathways are generally reductive while anabolic pathways are generally oxidative
Describe with a summary picture the aerobic respiration from glucose (CHO) all the way to Co2 and water. Highlight, with yellow the flow of H (and then electrons and protons) and in red the ATP Include: inner membrane, outer membrane, matrix, intermembrane space glycolisis, Krebs cycle (citirc acid), e.t.c. (oxidative phosphorilation) ATP synthase, NADH dehydrogenase complex, cyt b-c1complex, cyt oxidase complex, ubiquinone, cytochrome-c glucose, pyruvate, acetyl-Co-A, H2O, O2, CO2, NADH, NAD+, FADH2, e-, H+, ATP, ADP +Pi direction of the arrows, inner membrane potential, gradient of protons, inner membrane transporters, outer membrane porins
Regarding cellular metabolism, mark the true statements: (a). Electrons from the oxidation of glycolysis are transferred to O2 in the TCA cycle (b).Flow in the citric acid cycle increases when the intracellular ratio [NADH/NAD+] is high (c).In microbial cells, the glyoxylate pathway indirectly allows the conversion of fatty acids into glucose (d).Anaplerotic reactions are enzymatic reactions whose kinetics do not follow the Michaelis-Menten model. (e).Gluconeogenesis is the pathway of glucose production from different precursors, such as glycerol, some amino acids and lactate
Which steps are part of the energy investing half of glycolysis? OPhosphorylation Isomerization Second Phosphorylation Cleavage Conversion of DHAP into GADP O Dephosphorylation Phosphate transfer O Dehydration Second dehydration

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