REM (rapid eye movement) sleep is sleep during which most dreams occur. Each night a person has both REM and non-REM sleep. However, it is thought that children have more REM sleep than adults†. Assume that REM sleep time is normally distributed for both children and adults. A random sample of n1 = 9 children (9 years old) showed that they had an average REM sleep time of x1 = 2.5 hours per night. From previous studies, it is known that ?1 = 0.7 hour. Another random sample of n2 = 9 adults showed that they had an average REM sleep time of x2 = 2.00 hours per night. Previous studies show that ?2 = 0.8 hour. Do these data indicate that, on average, children tend to have more REM sleep than adults? Use a 10% level of significance. Solve the problem using both the traditional method and the P-value method. (Test the difference ?1 − ?2. Round the test statistic and critical value to two decimal places. Round the P-value to four decimal places.) test statistic        critical value   P-value

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REM (rapid eye movement) sleep is sleep during which most dreams occur. Each night a person has both REM and non-REM sleep. However, it is thought that children have more REM sleep than adults†. Assume that REM sleep time is normally distributed for both children and adults. A random sample of n1 = 9 children (9 years old) showed that they had an average REM sleep time of x1 = 2.5 hours per night. From previous studies, it is known that ?1 = 0.7 hour. Another random sample of n2 = 9 adults showed that they had an average REM sleep time of x2 = 2.00 hours per night. Previous studies show that ?2 = 0.8 hour. Do these data indicate that, on average, children tend to have more REM sleep than adults? Use a 10% level of significance. Solve the problem using both the traditional method and the P-value method. (Test the difference ?1 − ?2. Round the test statistic and critical value to two decimal places. Round the P-value to four decimal places.)

test statistic       
critical value  
P-value  
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