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redict the relative ease of dehydration of the following alcohols ОН CH3 .CH2 H3C CH H3C- -C- CH3 H3C CH3 OH

redict the relative ease of dehydration of the following alcohols ОН CH3 .CH2 H3C CH H3C- -C- CH3 H3C CH3 OH

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Predict the relative ease of dehydration of the following alcohols

**Predict the Relative Ease of Dehydration of the Following Alcohols** This image presents structural diagrams of three alcohols, asking for predictions on their relative ease of dehydration. 1. **First Alcohol (Left)** - Structure: \( \text{H}_3\text{C}-\text{CH}_2-\text{OH} \) - This represents a primary alcohol, specifically ethanol. 2. **Second Alcohol (Middle)** - Structure: ``` OH | CH / \ CH3 CH3 ``` - This represents a secondary alcohol, specifically isopropanol (2-propanol). 3. **Third Alcohol (Right)** - Structure: ``` CH3 | H3C-C-CH3 | OH ``` - This represents a tertiary alcohol, specifically tert-butanol (2-methyl-2-propanol). **Explanation for Dehydration Ease**: - Tertiary alcohols usually dehydrate more easily than secondary and primary alcohols due to carbocation stability. Dehydration follows the order: tertiary > secondary > primary, based on the stability of the carbocation formed during the reaction. Therefore, tert-butanol should dehydrate most easily, followed by isopropanol, and then ethanol.
Transcribed Image Text:**Predict the Relative Ease of Dehydration of the Following Alcohols** This image presents structural diagrams of three alcohols, asking for predictions on their relative ease of dehydration. 1. **First Alcohol (Left)** - Structure: \( \text{H}_3\text{C}-\text{CH}_2-\text{OH} \) - This represents a primary alcohol, specifically ethanol. 2. **Second Alcohol (Middle)** - Structure: ``` OH | CH / \ CH3 CH3 ``` - This represents a secondary alcohol, specifically isopropanol (2-propanol). 3. **Third Alcohol (Right)** - Structure: ``` CH3 | H3C-C-CH3 | OH ``` - This represents a tertiary alcohol, specifically tert-butanol (2-methyl-2-propanol). **Explanation for Dehydration Ease**: - Tertiary alcohols usually dehydrate more easily than secondary and primary alcohols due to carbocation stability. Dehydration follows the order: tertiary > secondary > primary, based on the stability of the carbocation formed during the reaction. Therefore, tert-butanol should dehydrate most easily, followed by isopropanol, and then ethanol.
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