redict the outcome of the following 4 reactions, if the reaction does not occur write N.R. and explain why, if you expect the reaction to be slow draw the product and write slow.

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Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
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Predict the outcome of the following 4 reactions, if the reaction does not occur write N.R. and explain why, if you expect the reaction to be slow draw the product and write slow.

### Overview of Reactions and Reagents

The image shows a series of chemical reactions, each involving a different substrate and reagent leading to various transformations. Below is a detailed explanation of each reaction, including the starting materials, reagents, and solvents used.

---

1. **Reaction 1:**

   - **Starting Material:** 
     - A bromoalkane (alkyl bromide structure).
   - **Reagents and Solvent:**
     - Sodium cyanide (NaCN).
     - Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
   - **Description:**
     - This reaction likely involves a nucleophilic substitution where CN⁻ attacks the carbon bonded to the bromine, replacing the Br group with a cyano group.

2. **Reaction 2:**

   - **Starting Material:**
     - A primary amine attached to a cyclohexane ring.
   - **Reagents and Solvent:**
     - Sodium cyanide (NaCN).
     - Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
   - **Description:**
     - Similar to the first reaction, this involves nucleophilic substitution. DMSO is a polar aprotic solvent which facilitates the substitution process.

3. **Reaction 3:**

   - **Starting Material:**
     - A bromoalkane with a secondary carbon center.
   - **Reagents and Solvent:**
     - Sodium thiolate (Na⁺ S⁻).
     - Acetone.
   - **Description:**
     - In this reaction, the thiolate anion acts as a nucleophile, displacing the bromine on the substrate.

4. **Reaction 4:**

   - **Starting Material:**
     - Another bromoalkane (more linear in structure).
   - **Reagents and Solvent:**
     - Methanol (MeOH).
     - Tetrahydrofuran (THF).
   - **Description:**
     - The use of methanol and THF indicates a possible substitution or solvolysis reaction where methanol could be acting as a nucleophile or solvent, leading to alcohol formation.

5. **Reaction 5:**

   - **Starting Material:**
     - A bromoalkane with an adjacent sulfonyl group.
   - **Reagents and Solvent:**
     - Potassium acetate (CH₃COO⁻ K⁺) dissolved in acetonitr
Transcribed Image Text:### Overview of Reactions and Reagents The image shows a series of chemical reactions, each involving a different substrate and reagent leading to various transformations. Below is a detailed explanation of each reaction, including the starting materials, reagents, and solvents used. --- 1. **Reaction 1:** - **Starting Material:** - A bromoalkane (alkyl bromide structure). - **Reagents and Solvent:** - Sodium cyanide (NaCN). - Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). - **Description:** - This reaction likely involves a nucleophilic substitution where CN⁻ attacks the carbon bonded to the bromine, replacing the Br group with a cyano group. 2. **Reaction 2:** - **Starting Material:** - A primary amine attached to a cyclohexane ring. - **Reagents and Solvent:** - Sodium cyanide (NaCN). - Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). - **Description:** - Similar to the first reaction, this involves nucleophilic substitution. DMSO is a polar aprotic solvent which facilitates the substitution process. 3. **Reaction 3:** - **Starting Material:** - A bromoalkane with a secondary carbon center. - **Reagents and Solvent:** - Sodium thiolate (Na⁺ S⁻). - Acetone. - **Description:** - In this reaction, the thiolate anion acts as a nucleophile, displacing the bromine on the substrate. 4. **Reaction 4:** - **Starting Material:** - Another bromoalkane (more linear in structure). - **Reagents and Solvent:** - Methanol (MeOH). - Tetrahydrofuran (THF). - **Description:** - The use of methanol and THF indicates a possible substitution or solvolysis reaction where methanol could be acting as a nucleophile or solvent, leading to alcohol formation. 5. **Reaction 5:** - **Starting Material:** - A bromoalkane with an adjacent sulfonyl group. - **Reagents and Solvent:** - Potassium acetate (CH₃COO⁻ K⁺) dissolved in acetonitr
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Various reaction mechanisms are studied in organic chemistry. These reaction mechanisms explain the rate of reaction and other information regarding the reaction.

 

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