Classes Of Functional Groups
Organic Chemistry deals mostly with carbon and hydrogens, also called hydrocarbons, but those groups which replace hydrogen and bonds with carbon to give a characteristic nature, unique of their own, to the hydrocarbon they are attached to, are called functional groups. All the compounds belonging to a functional group undergo reactions in a similar pattern and are known to have similar physical and chemical properties.
Characteristics Of Functional Groups
In organic chemistry, we encounter a number of special substituent groups which are attached to the hydrocarbon backbone. These groups impart certain characteristics to the molecule of which it is a part of and thus, become the highlight of that particular molecule.
IUPAC Nomenclature
In Chemistry, IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which suggested a systematic naming approach for the organic and inorganic compounds, as in the beginning stage of nomenclature one single chemical compound was named in many ways by which lead to confusion. The need for this approach aroused as the number of chemical compounds newly discovered were increasing (approximately 32 million compounds) and the basic concept of nomenclature i.e. the trivial nomenclature and the derived system of nomenclature failed to overcome the challenge. It is an important task to name a chemical compound systematically and unambiguously which reduces lots of confusion about the newly reported compounds.
![C D
a. D>C>A>B
b. B>A>C>D
c. A > D>C>B
d. D>A>C>B
65. Identify the product for reaction below:
RCO,H
IOH
он
он
он
он
A
C
66. An unknown compound has an IR spectrum showing a broad, intense absorption around 3300
cm'. Which of the following molecules would be?
a. CH3CH2OH
b. CH3CO2CH2CH3
c. benzene
ord lo omma ATUI sth ei teW
d. CH3C(O)CH2CH3
woda
67. Identify the condition for the reaction below:
HO
Br
4. CN
a. HBr, CCI4
lo-1-
b. Br2, ether
c. HBr, ROOR, heat
lo-1-nst
d. BH3/THF, then H2O2/OH
68. The preparation of chalk (CaCO3) can be done according to the reaction below. If you were
assigned a project to produce 10 boxes of chalks (each box contains 12 chalk sticks, and each chalk
stick weighs 9.60 g), how much Na2CO3 (in gram) should you use considering the reaction
proceeds with a 92% yield?
Na2CO3 (aq) +
CaCl2 (aq)
->
CaCO3 (s) + 2 NaCl (aq)
a. 1123 g
b. 133 g
c. )326 g
d. 112 g N
69. From the above question (#68), if Na2CO3 is available as 1.0 M solution, what is the volume
(in L) of Na2CO3 solution needed?
(b)12.5 L
c. 10.6 L
a. 1.25 L
d. 1.06 L
70. What is the IUPAC name for the molecule below?](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F43b6f037-a5c6-4beb-97b8-dfab346a92a6%2Fee2f11e0-3c9e-4b99-baf0-8bdc3f67d436%2Fmdbx0pr_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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