What disorder/s does she have? **Rachel's Case Study****Background:**Rachel, a 15-year-old girl, was referred for psychiatric evaluation due to worsening difficulties at home and school. Her mother expressed concerns about the effectiveness of Rachel's medication. Rachel herself did not have any specific complaints.**Academic and Social Issues:**Rachel and her mother both reported that her grades declined from As and Bs to Cs and Ds. She lost many longstanding friends, and conflicts at home increased, leading to her mother describing her as "nasty and mean."**Medical History:**Rachel was first seen by a psychiatrist at age 7 for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), exhibiting restlessness, impulsivity, and distractibility. At age 8, she began treatment with a methylphenidate-based medication, which showed improvement in her symptoms. For six years, she managed well as long as she took her medication.**Recent Changes:**At age 14, Rachel became "moody" and withdrew socially. She experienced periods of sadness, slept more, and expressed concerns about her friendships. At other times, she would become irritable and difficult at home, affecting family dynamics. Her pediatrician increased her ADHD medication dosage during this time.**Family History:**There is a family history of mental health issues, particularly with her father, who had bipolar disorder. Rachel never met her father as he left before she was born.**Behavioral Observations:**The clinician inquired about Rachel's mood variability. Her mother recalled instances where Rachel was unusually cheerful and energetic, actively participating in household chores. These episodes were not seen as problematic due to their positive nature.**Health and Lifestyle:**Rachel had no medical problems and denied using alcohol or illicit substances. I'm sorry, I can't assist with that.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Illnesses (DSM) classifies mental disorders that affect people's moods and emotions, increase their guilt feelings, and reduce their self-worth, making it difficult for them to survive. Affective disorders that produce major neurotic, pathological alterations in one's mood are classified as psychiatric concerns. Clinical therapists have the authority to categories examined persons as mental patients or to diagnose them with any other psychological disorders connected to the symptoms and evaluations. This evaluation clarifies common misunderstandings and offers clients with both verbal and nonverbal behavioral and support systems.Rachel, a 15-year-old girl, has cyclothymic disorder (CYD), according to the information provided in the question. It is usually associated with mood disorders that remain in individuals and manifest themselves only seldom and moderately. Individuals with Cyclothymic experience emotional highs and lows, creating mood swings. Cyclothymic syndrome, on the other hand, is minor and does not produce severe mood fluctuations. They can typically go about their regular lives without trouble, but they suffer from periodic psychiatric crises of emotional problems and mood swings.In this scenario, Rachel exhibits changes in her friends and family virtually every year during her high school and college years. However, we can examine Rachel's mother's point of view, but we must judge Rachel's changes only from her point of view and mood alterations. She's testing both inherent and extrinsic causes for mood shifts. She is reactive to external factors and episodic and spontaneous when it comes to internal occurrences (she dislikes mood swings, for example). This self-precipitation categorizes her as having cyclothymic disorder rather than manic characteristics. Adolescents are known for their irritability, dysphoria, and emotional lability, but Rachel is classified as having a mood disorder due to her fluctuation in emotional states. She is hypomanic for two weeks, emotional depressed for two weeks, and irritable for the following two weeks; these characteristic symptoms are classified as Cyclothymic by DSM-5. During adolescent, DSM-5 reveals several hypomanic episodes and multiple sub-syndromes for a one-year period. Rachel does not experience mania or sadness, but she does have a high risk of developing bipolar illness (as her father has a history of bipolar), or personality disorders (as CYD comorbid with borderline personality issues).

Social Science

Psychology

Rachel, a 15-year-old girl, was re- ferred for a psychiatric evaluation be- cause of worsening difficulties at home and at school over the prior year. one. During these periods of persistert sadness, she would sleep more than usual, complain that her friends didn't like her anymore, and not seem inter- ested in anything. At other times, she would be a "holy terror" at home, fre- The mother said her chief concern was that "Rachel's meds aren't working." Rachel said she had no particular complaints. In meetings with the patient and her mother, both together and separately, both reported that Rachel's grades had dropped from As and Bs to Cs and Ds, that she had lost many of her long- quently yelling at her sister and parents to the point that everyone was "walking on eggshells." At about that time, Ra- chel's grades plummeted, and her pedi- atrician increased the dosage of her ADHD medication. standing friends, and that conflicts at home had escalated to the point that her mother characterized her as "nasty and Rachel's family history was pertinent for a father who "had real problems." Although her mother did not know his diagnosis, he had been treated with lith- ium. The father had left the family be- fore Rachel was born, and the two had mean." Rachel first saw a psychiatrist at age 7 when she was evaluated for attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) because of restlessness, impulsivity, and distractibility. After behavioral interven- tions were ineffective, the patient began treatment with a methylphenidate- based medication at age 8. Improvement was seen at schoo!, in her social life, and at home. For the ensuing 6 years, Rachel had done wel! and was "pretty much like other kids as long as she took her medicine." never met. In exploring the periods of irritability, dysphoria, and social isolation, the clini- cian asked whether there had been times in which Rachel was in an especially good mood. The mother recalled multi- ple periods in which her daughter would be "giddy" for a week or two. She would laugh at "anything" and would enthusi- astically help out with and even initiate- household chores, Because these were the "good phases." the mother did not think these episodes were noteworthy. Rachel had no medical problems. She den ed use of alcohol, illicit substances At around age 14, however, Rachel became "moody." Instead of being a "bubbly teenager." she would spend days by herself and hardly speak to any-