Questions Group 1 1. Cloth tape measures are used commercially to make coarse measurements of length. Why are such tape measures unsuitable for precise meas- urement? ber of comple and multiplyi wheel. If the eled accurate why will the

College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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please help with question 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and 10!!
21
Chapter 2
Measuring Length and Time
The unit of
etandard unit
асе оссиріed
-. In symbols
as the unit
centimeter
meters in a
(LEE tur)
The liter is
Graduated
cylinder
that coincides with the surface of the liquid. Graduated cylinders
used in science laboratories are generally marked off in milliliters.
A milliliter (mL) is one thousandth of a liter and equal to one cubic
r100
E 90
E 80
r100
90
so 82 mL
centimeter.
A graduated cylinder may also be used to measure the volume
of a solid of irregular shape, such as a piece of coal. The method
is as follows.
Fill the graduated cylinder about half full of water and note the
reading. Let us say it is S0 milliliters. Now lower the piece of coal
into the cylinder until it is completely under water. The water level
will rise because the space occupied by both water and coal is
greater than that occupied by the water alone. Note the new water
level. Suppose it is 82 milliliters. The volume of the coal is the
difference between the combined volume of the water and the coal
(82 mL) and the volume of the water by itself (50 mL). Hence,
subtracting, we have 82-50 = 32 milliliters, or 32 cubic centi-
meters, for the volume of the coal.
This method of measuring volume by displacement is limited to
solids that are not porous and that do not dissolve in water.
70
70
60
60
50
se
40
F 30
50 ml
40
- Coal
30
20
20
block, a
aler and
10
Fig. 2-9. Measuring the volume of
an irregular solid by measuring
the volume of water it displaces.
r block
of the
Questions
Group 1
1. Cloth tape measures are used commercially to
make coarse measurements of length. Why are
such tape measures unsuitable for precise meas-
ber of complete turns made by one of the wheels
and multiplying it by the circumference of the
wheel. If the odometer reads the distance trav-
eled accurately when the car's tires are new,
why will the reading not be accurate when the
tires become worn?
urement?
2. In using the platinum bar at Sèvres, France, as
the standard meter, why is it necessary to specify
that the temperature must be 0°C?
3. (a) How can the volume of a rectangular room
be measured? (b) How can the volume of a door
8. A small porous solid is in the shape of a cube.
Its volume is determined in two ways. First, it is
computed from a measurement of the cube's
edge. Then it is obtained by indirect measure-
ment using a graduated cylinder partly filled
with water. (a) Why might there be a consider-
able difference between the two values of the
volume thus obtained? (b) What does this dif-
ference represent?
9. The sides of two squares are in the ratio of 2 to
1. (a) What is the ratio of their areas? (b) If the
corresponding dimensions of any two similar
plane figures are in the ratio of 2 to 1, explain
why their areas will be in the same ratio as that
of the two squares.
10. (a) If the length of each edge of a cube is dou-
bled, what happens to the volume? (b) An en-
larged model of a small solid statue is made by
doubling each dimension of the original. How
does the volume of the enlarged model compare
with that of the original?
key be measured?
4. (a) Explain how a ruler is used to measure the
inside volume of an open cylindrical can. (b)
How can the same volume be measured with a
graduated cylinder?
5. How can the volume of a basketball be deter-
mined?
Group 2
6. (a) How will the change-over by the United
States from the English to the metric system of
measurement be an advantage in international
trade? (b) Describe two difficulties that might
arise in an industry, such as car manufacturing,
in changing from English to metric units.
7. The odometer (oh DAHM i tur) measures the
distance traveled by a car by counting the num-
Transcribed Image Text:21 Chapter 2 Measuring Length and Time The unit of etandard unit асе оссиріed -. In symbols as the unit centimeter meters in a (LEE tur) The liter is Graduated cylinder that coincides with the surface of the liquid. Graduated cylinders used in science laboratories are generally marked off in milliliters. A milliliter (mL) is one thousandth of a liter and equal to one cubic r100 E 90 E 80 r100 90 so 82 mL centimeter. A graduated cylinder may also be used to measure the volume of a solid of irregular shape, such as a piece of coal. The method is as follows. Fill the graduated cylinder about half full of water and note the reading. Let us say it is S0 milliliters. Now lower the piece of coal into the cylinder until it is completely under water. The water level will rise because the space occupied by both water and coal is greater than that occupied by the water alone. Note the new water level. Suppose it is 82 milliliters. The volume of the coal is the difference between the combined volume of the water and the coal (82 mL) and the volume of the water by itself (50 mL). Hence, subtracting, we have 82-50 = 32 milliliters, or 32 cubic centi- meters, for the volume of the coal. This method of measuring volume by displacement is limited to solids that are not porous and that do not dissolve in water. 70 70 60 60 50 se 40 F 30 50 ml 40 - Coal 30 20 20 block, a aler and 10 Fig. 2-9. Measuring the volume of an irregular solid by measuring the volume of water it displaces. r block of the Questions Group 1 1. Cloth tape measures are used commercially to make coarse measurements of length. Why are such tape measures unsuitable for precise meas- ber of complete turns made by one of the wheels and multiplying it by the circumference of the wheel. If the odometer reads the distance trav- eled accurately when the car's tires are new, why will the reading not be accurate when the tires become worn? urement? 2. In using the platinum bar at Sèvres, France, as the standard meter, why is it necessary to specify that the temperature must be 0°C? 3. (a) How can the volume of a rectangular room be measured? (b) How can the volume of a door 8. A small porous solid is in the shape of a cube. Its volume is determined in two ways. First, it is computed from a measurement of the cube's edge. Then it is obtained by indirect measure- ment using a graduated cylinder partly filled with water. (a) Why might there be a consider- able difference between the two values of the volume thus obtained? (b) What does this dif- ference represent? 9. The sides of two squares are in the ratio of 2 to 1. (a) What is the ratio of their areas? (b) If the corresponding dimensions of any two similar plane figures are in the ratio of 2 to 1, explain why their areas will be in the same ratio as that of the two squares. 10. (a) If the length of each edge of a cube is dou- bled, what happens to the volume? (b) An en- larged model of a small solid statue is made by doubling each dimension of the original. How does the volume of the enlarged model compare with that of the original? key be measured? 4. (a) Explain how a ruler is used to measure the inside volume of an open cylindrical can. (b) How can the same volume be measured with a graduated cylinder? 5. How can the volume of a basketball be deter- mined? Group 2 6. (a) How will the change-over by the United States from the English to the metric system of measurement be an advantage in international trade? (b) Describe two difficulties that might arise in an industry, such as car manufacturing, in changing from English to metric units. 7. The odometer (oh DAHM i tur) measures the distance traveled by a car by counting the num-
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