Question: What is the net renal tubular reabsorption rate of potassium in this patient? A) 1.050 mmol/min B) 0.100 mmol/min C) 0.037 mmol/min D) 0.075 mmol/min E) Potassium is not reabsorbed in this example Answer: D
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- In general, how do the kidneys respond in times of acidosis? What substances act as buffers to "trap" H+ in the kidney's filtrate?How can you determine renal handling of a substance by comparing its clearance rate to the clearance rate of inulin or creatinine?Which of the following options leads to reduced filtration pressure in the glomerulus? a) Increased blood pressure b) When the afferent arterioles constipate (decreased blood flow) c) Decreased concentration of plasma proteins in the Glomerulus d) When the afferent arterioles dilate (increased blood flow)
- Renal Physiology (humans) a) When blood pressure declines, granular cells produce renin, an enzyme that enters the circulatory system and cleaves angiotensinogen. b) Aldosterone acts on cells of the collecting duct to cause both sodium reabsorption into blood and potassium secretion into urine. c) The production of excess aldosterone by an adrenal tumor would indirectly lead to the hyperpolarization of excitable cardiac cells. d) Both (a) and (b) are correct and (c) is incorrect e) Statements (a), (b) and (c) are all correct40. During an experiment, a drug that specifically dilates the efferent arterioles of the kidney is infused into an experimental animal. Which of the following sets of renal changes is most likely to occur in response to the drug? 4 A) B) E) F) G) Absolute Proximal Tubule Reabsorption ↑ ↑ ↑ Renal O₂ Consumption ↑ ↓ ↑ Filtration Fraction ↑ ↑A patient shows up at the hospital with a low blood pH and high levels of CO2 and HCO3-. a) These values indicate what condition? b) Identify and explain one reason why this condition could occur. c) Explain what the kidneys are doing to compensate for this condition.
- When performing a Cockroft-Gault calculation to estimate GFR, why must renal function be stable for the calculation be valid? Why is the Cockroft-Gault calculation invalid for patients receiving dialysis? Which two labs are required to stage CKD GFR and categorize albumenuria?Of the following solutes, which ones are least likely to be found in the urine of a healthy person: erythrocytes, glucose, sodium ions, and/or hydrogen ions? Explain why you normally wouldn’t expect to find this (these) solute(s) in the urine.182. A 42-year-old man with end-stage renal disease undergoes transplantation with a kidney from a cadaveric donor. During the operation, following anastomosis of the renal vessels, the transplanted kidney becomes cyanotic and mottled. The kidney fails to excrete urine and is removed. Which of the following is the primary cause of nonfunction of the transplanted kidney? A) Fibrin thrombi in capillaries B) Interstitial eosinophil Infiltration C) Neutrophilic infiltration of venules D) Organizing thrombus in the renal artery E) T-lymphocyte infiltration of tubules h
- Table 3. Serum creatinine values at admission and after 12h Admission +12h SCR(mg/dL) 1.55 1.42 Using the “MDRD” (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) equation for estimating glomerularfiltration, provided below, and the data available in the above table, calculate the patient's (a 34 year old white male) estimated glomerularfiltration rate (eGFR) at admission and 12h after admission.MDRD GFR Equation (mL/min/1.73 m2)= 175 × (Scr)-1.154 × (Age)-0.203 × (0.742 if female) × (1.212 if African American)Based on your calculated values, state whether LF’s function is normal or abnormal?Previous research suggests that patients with asthma have an increased risk for chronic kidneydisease, but the mechanisms underlying this increased risk are poorly understood. Propose one potential mechanism by which asthma might impair kidney function, and discuss how this dysfunction may impair thebody’s ability to respond to respiratory alkalosisWhich of the following states would cause release of aldosterone? OA) Infusion of hypertonic saline solution B) High blood pressure C) Substantial blood loss OD) Infusion of isotonic saline solutionWhich of the following is not associated with the renal corpuscle? EQuestion options: a) glomerular capillåry b) fenestrated capillary d) peritubular capillary