Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Musculoskeletal System
The musculoskeletal system, also called the locomotor system, is an organ system that gives humans and animals the ability to move using their muscular and skeletal systems. It provides stability, form, support, and movement to the body. The skeleton is composed of bones (skeleton), muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissue that supports and binds tissues and organs together. The musculoskeletal system is subdivided into two broad systems, such as the muscular system and the skeletal system.
Skeletal structure
The skeletal system is the core framework of the human body. The skeletal structure comprises bones and connective tissue, including cartilage, ligaments, and tendons. The skeletal structure of our body acts as a support structure. It maintains the body's shape and is responsible for its movement, blood cell formation, protection of organs, and mineral storage. The skeletal system is referred to as the musculoskeletal system.
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 *(Images not supported here, but visual would show a dendritic cell interacting with a cancer cell)*
**Question:**
Please describe an important feature(s) of DC at rest versus DC in action.
**Your answer:**
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
### Explanation of Image:
This image illustrates a dendritic cell (DC) approaching a cancer cell. Dendritic cells are a type of immune cell responsible for processing antigens and presenting them to T-cells, which are crucial components in the body's immune response.
In the visual, the rounded, textured cell at the lower left is the DC, whereas the larger, more complex structure is the cancer cell. The DC appears to be extending its projections towards the cancer cell, a critical step in the immune response where the DC can identify and present antigens from cancer cells to T-cells, thus initiating a targeted immune attack.
### Interactive Component:
Compare and contrast the state of a dendritic cell at rest, and when it is actively engaging with a pathogen or cancer cell. Reflect on how its morphology, functional state, and interactions with other cells in the immune system may differ.
---
This transcription and explanation are designed to enhance understanding and foster engagement among students learning about immunology and the role of dendritic cells in cancer defense mechanisms.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fcc8b7ab3-bb20-45e7-b154-6efda5818ccb%2F71172ee0-8233-471d-b53b-f8a3b6620cec%2Fm6i65pn_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Dendritic Cells (DC) in Cancer Immunology
**Image Description:**
Image 2 below shows a DC (lower left-hand corner) ready to engage a cancer cell.
 *(Images not supported here, but visual would show a dendritic cell interacting with a cancer cell)*
**Question:**
Please describe an important feature(s) of DC at rest versus DC in action.
**Your answer:**
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
### Explanation of Image:
This image illustrates a dendritic cell (DC) approaching a cancer cell. Dendritic cells are a type of immune cell responsible for processing antigens and presenting them to T-cells, which are crucial components in the body's immune response.
In the visual, the rounded, textured cell at the lower left is the DC, whereas the larger, more complex structure is the cancer cell. The DC appears to be extending its projections towards the cancer cell, a critical step in the immune response where the DC can identify and present antigens from cancer cells to T-cells, thus initiating a targeted immune attack.
### Interactive Component:
Compare and contrast the state of a dendritic cell at rest, and when it is actively engaging with a pathogen or cancer cell. Reflect on how its morphology, functional state, and interactions with other cells in the immune system may differ.
---
This transcription and explanation are designed to enhance understanding and foster engagement among students learning about immunology and the role of dendritic cells in cancer defense mechanisms.
Transcribed Image Text:**Dendritic Cells and Their Role in Immunotherapy**
**Image 1: Dendritic Cells (DC) in Resting State**
The first image shows dendritic cells in a resting state. Dendritic cells are immune cells that serve as critical components in the adaptive immune response. These cells exhibit numerous protrusions or dendrites that increase their surface area, enhancing their ability to sample the environment for foreign antigens.
*Visual Description*:
- The dendritic cells in this image are depicted with a robust, complex surface structure.
- The cells are predominantly purple with areas of pink and bits of white.
**Image 2: Dendritic Cell Engaging a Cancer Cell**
The second image illustrates a dendritic cell (positioned in the lower left-hand corner) preparing to engage a cancer cell. This interaction is vital for the activation of T-cells, as the dendritic cell will present antigens from the cancer cell to T-cells to trigger an immune response against the tumor.
*Visual Description*:
- The dendritic cell is located at the lower left-hand corner of the image.
- The dendritic cell appears to be reaching out to a cancer cell with its dendrites.
- The dendritic and cancer cell have a distinct yet somewhat intertwined appearance, indicative of the engagement or interaction between the two.
Understanding the behavior of dendritic cells and their interactions with cancer cells is crucial for the development of immunotherapies, which aim to harness the body’s immune system to fight cancer more effectively.
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