Question 4.11 Consider the radial flow problem shown in top view (right), where the shaded area represents a damaged zone due to the drilling operations. Assume there are three horizontal layers of equal heights (thickness), and the permeability of the undamaged formation is 45 mD in layer 1, 25 mD in layer 2, and 30 mD in layer 3. Further assume that the radius of damage is 2.2 ft and the permeability of the damaged zone is 1.5 mD is 0.6 ft, and the radius of the reservoir is 450 ft. all the three layers. The radius of the wellbore a) What is the average permeability in each horizontal layer? b) What is the average permeability of the three layers?

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Principles of Seepage

In hydrology, when water flows down in a pore or crack of unsaturated soil due to gravity, the deep layer of soil is called seepage. It is the slow movement of water in the soil layer. Seepage is mainly found near hydraulic structures and is responsible for the stability of earthen-type hydraulic structures.