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Question 33 Consider the interaction of two hydrogen 1s atomic orbitals of the same phase. Which of the statements below is an incorrect description of this interaction? A) A sigma bonding molecular orbital is formed. B) The molecular orbital formed is lower in energy than a hydrogen 1s atomic orbital. C) The molecular orbital formed has a node between the atoms. D) The molecular orbital formed is cylindrically symmetric. E) A maximum of two electrons may occupy the molecular orbital formed.

Question 33 Consider the interaction of two hydrogen 1s atomic orbitals of the same phase. Which of the statements below is an incorrect description of this interaction? A) A sigma bonding molecular orbital is formed. B) The molecular orbital formed is lower in energy than a hydrogen 1s atomic orbital. C) The molecular orbital formed has a node between the atoms. D) The molecular orbital formed is cylindrically symmetric. E) A maximum of two electrons may occupy the molecular orbital formed.

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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### Understanding Conformational Analysis When analyzing different conformations of a molecule, it's essential to determine which conformation is the most stable. Stability in conformations often depends on steric hindrance – that is, the repulsion between electron clouds of atoms or groups that are physically close to each other. Larger groups tend to cause more steric hindrance. #### Question Breakdown: **Question:** Assuming that the size of substituents is H < CH3 < I, which of the following conformations is the most stable? This question asks us to determine which of the given molecular conformations is the most stable form by considering the size and positioning of the substituents on the molecule. #### Molecular Conformations: The molecules in options A, B, C, D, and E are represented in Newman projections, which help visualize the spatial arrangement of substituents around a carbon-carbon bond: **A:** ``` CH3 | H3C-C-I | H ``` **B:** ``` CH3 | H - C - CH3 | I ``` **C:** ``` CH3 / H-C - H \ CH3 ``` **D:** ``` I | CH3-C-H3C | H ``` **E:** ``` I | H - C - CH3 | H ``` #### Analysis: Evaluate the steric hindrance for each conformation: 1. **Conformation A:** - The large iodine atom (I) is adjacent to a hydrogen atom (H) and methyl group (CH3). - Less steric hindrance as the largest groups (I and CH3) are far apart. 2. **Conformation B:** - Two methyl groups (CH3) are adjacent. - Higher steric hindrance due to the repulsion between two large groups (CH3). 3. **Conformation C:** - Two larger groups (CH3) are adjacent. - Higher steric hindrance, similar to conformation B. 4. **Conformation D:** - The iodine (I) is adjacent to two methyl groups (CH3). - High steric hindrance due to the proximity of large groups. 5. **Conformation
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Conformational Analysis When analyzing different conformations of a molecule, it's essential to determine which conformation is the most stable. Stability in conformations often depends on steric hindrance – that is, the repulsion between electron clouds of atoms or groups that are physically close to each other. Larger groups tend to cause more steric hindrance. #### Question Breakdown: **Question:** Assuming that the size of substituents is H < CH3 < I, which of the following conformations is the most stable? This question asks us to determine which of the given molecular conformations is the most stable form by considering the size and positioning of the substituents on the molecule. #### Molecular Conformations: The molecules in options A, B, C, D, and E are represented in Newman projections, which help visualize the spatial arrangement of substituents around a carbon-carbon bond: **A:** ``` CH3 | H3C-C-I | H ``` **B:** ``` CH3 | H - C - CH3 | I ``` **C:** ``` CH3 / H-C - H \ CH3 ``` **D:** ``` I | CH3-C-H3C | H ``` **E:** ``` I | H - C - CH3 | H ``` #### Analysis: Evaluate the steric hindrance for each conformation: 1. **Conformation A:** - The large iodine atom (I) is adjacent to a hydrogen atom (H) and methyl group (CH3). - Less steric hindrance as the largest groups (I and CH3) are far apart. 2. **Conformation B:** - Two methyl groups (CH3) are adjacent. - Higher steric hindrance due to the repulsion between two large groups (CH3). 3. **Conformation C:** - Two larger groups (CH3) are adjacent. - Higher steric hindrance, similar to conformation B. 4. **Conformation D:** - The iodine (I) is adjacent to two methyl groups (CH3). - High steric hindrance due to the proximity of large groups. 5. **Conformation
### Question 33 Consider the interaction of two hydrogen 1s atomic orbitals of the same phase. Which of the statements below is an **incorrect** description of this interaction? A) A sigma bonding molecular orbital is formed. B) The molecular orbital formed is lower in energy than a hydrogen 1s atomic orbital. C) The molecular orbital formed has a node between the atoms. D) The molecular orbital formed is cylindrically symmetric. E) A maximum of two electrons may occupy the molecular orbital formed. - O A - O B - O C - O D - O E (Note: In the context of molecular orbital theory, nodes are regions where the probability of finding an electron is zero. The formation of bonding molecular orbitals results in a constructive overlap of atomic orbitals, which usually is lower in energy and lacks nodes between the bonded atoms.)
Transcribed Image Text:### Question 33 Consider the interaction of two hydrogen 1s atomic orbitals of the same phase. Which of the statements below is an **incorrect** description of this interaction? A) A sigma bonding molecular orbital is formed. B) The molecular orbital formed is lower in energy than a hydrogen 1s atomic orbital. C) The molecular orbital formed has a node between the atoms. D) The molecular orbital formed is cylindrically symmetric. E) A maximum of two electrons may occupy the molecular orbital formed. - O A - O B - O C - O D - O E (Note: In the context of molecular orbital theory, nodes are regions where the probability of finding an electron is zero. The formation of bonding molecular orbitals results in a constructive overlap of atomic orbitals, which usually is lower in energy and lacks nodes between the bonded atoms.)
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