Question 3. A DNAPLS substance was generated and released in a tire fire accident. A consulting firm was hired to carry out an assessment of the aquifer at the accident site. A subsurface plume of contaminant X was detected in the aquifer. The aquifer is located at a depth of 1300 m with a soil porosity of 34% and hydraulic conductivity of 41 m/d. The fraction of organic content in the soil is 1% and dry bulk density is 2000 kg/m3. Assume the Octanol-water partition coefficient of the substance, log Kow = 2.78. What is the Retardation factor (R) of DNALPS substance in this case? State your assumptions.

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Laboratory Determination of Hydraulic Conductivity

Hydraulic conductivity is the measure of flowability of water inside the soil in the presence of a hydraulic gradient. The hydraulic gradient is defined as the difference in the water heads in the soil, which induces a water motion. In simple terms, a hydraulic gradient is the presence of a potential that induces a flow of water.