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Question 3 (5pt): A chemical reaction. In an elementary chemical reaction, single molecules of two reactants A and B form a molecule of the product C : ABC. The law of mass action states that the rate of reaction is proportional to the product of the concentrations of A and B: d[C] dt = k[A][B] (where k is a constant positive number). Thus, if the initial concentrations are [A] = = a moles/L and [B] = b moles/L we write x = [C], then we have (E): dx dt = k(ax)(b-x) 1 (a) Write the differential equation (E) with separate variables, i.e. of the form f(x)dx = g(t)dt. (b) Assume first that a b. Show that 1 1 1 1 = (a - x) (b - x) - a) a - x b - x b) (c) Find an antiderivative for the function f(x) = (a-x) (b-x) using the previous question. (d) Solve the differentiel equation (E), i.e. find x as a function of t. Use the fact that the initial concentration of C is 0. (e) Now assume that a = b. Find x(t) assuming that a = b. How does this expression for x(t) simplify if it is known that [C] = 1/2 after 20 seconds?

Question 3 (5pt): A chemical reaction. In an elementary chemical reaction, single molecules of two reactants A and B form a molecule of the product C : ABC. The law of mass action states that the rate of reaction is proportional to the product of the concentrations of A and B: d[C] dt = k[A][B] (where k is a constant positive number). Thus, if the initial concentrations are [A] = = a moles/L and [B] = b moles/L we write x = [C], then we have (E): dx dt = k(ax)(b-x) 1 (a) Write the differential equation (E) with separate variables, i.e. of the form f(x)dx = g(t)dt. (b) Assume first that a b. Show that 1 1 1 1 = (a - x) (b - x) - a) a - x b - x b) (c) Find an antiderivative for the function f(x) = (a-x) (b-x) using the previous question. (d) Solve the differentiel equation (E), i.e. find x as a function of t. Use the fact that the initial concentration of C is 0. (e) Now assume that a = b. Find x(t) assuming that a = b. How does this expression for x(t) simplify if it is known that [C] = 1/2 after 20 seconds?

Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic Geometry
Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic Geometry
13th Edition
ISBN:9781133382119
Author:Swokowski
Publisher:Swokowski
Chapter5: Inverse, Exponential, And Logarithmic Functions
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 18T
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Question 3 (5pt): A chemical reaction. In an elementary chemical reaction, single molecules of two reactants A and B form a molecule of the product C : ABC. The law of mass action states that the rate of reaction is proportional to the product of the concentrations of A and B: d[C] dt = k[A][B] (where k is a constant positive number). Thus, if the initial concentrations are [A] = = a moles/L and [B] = b moles/L we write x = [C], then we have (E): dx dt = k(ax)(b-x) 1 (a) Write the differential equation (E) with separate variables, i.e. of the form f(x)dx = g(t)dt. (b) Assume first that a b. Show that 1 1 1 1 = (a - x) (b - x) - a) a - x b - x b) (c) Find an antiderivative for the function f(x) = (a-x) (b-x) using the previous question. (d) Solve the differentiel equation (E), i.e. find x as a function of t. Use the fact that the initial concentration of C is 0. (e) Now assume that a = b. Find x(t) assuming that a = b. How does this expression for x(t) simplify if it is known that [C] = 1/2 after 20 seconds?
Transcribed Image Text:Question 3 (5pt): A chemical reaction. In an elementary chemical reaction, single molecules of two reactants A and B form a molecule of the product C : ABC. The law of mass action states that the rate of reaction is proportional to the product of the concentrations of A and B: d[C] dt = k[A][B] (where k is a constant positive number). Thus, if the initial concentrations are [A] = = a moles/L and [B] = b moles/L we write x = [C], then we have (E): dx dt = k(ax)(b-x) 1 (a) Write the differential equation (E) with separate variables, i.e. of the form f(x)dx = g(t)dt. (b) Assume first that a b. Show that 1 1 1 1 = (a - x) (b - x) - a) a - x b - x b) (c) Find an antiderivative for the function f(x) = (a-x) (b-x) using the previous question. (d) Solve the differentiel equation (E), i.e. find x as a function of t. Use the fact that the initial concentration of C is 0. (e) Now assume that a = b. Find x(t) assuming that a = b. How does this expression for x(t) simplify if it is known that [C] = 1/2 after 20 seconds?
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