Question 2 please: Does natural selection always lead to evolution? Use the information in this activity to answer that question. What more might we need to know to fully answer it?
Question 2 please: Does natural selection always lead to evolution? Use the information in this activity to answer that question. What more might we need to know to fully answer it?
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Question 2 please: Does natural selection always lead to evolution? Use the information in this activity to answer that question. What more might we need to know to fully answer it?
Transcribed Image Text:Did the effects of natural selection occur in a lizard population in response to an
extreme cold event?
During the winter of 2013-2014, southeastern Texas and Oklahoma faced an extreme cold event. In these
areas, the wild populations of the green anole lizard, Anolis carolinensis live naturally. Cold tolerance in this
species naturally varies with latitude. Lizards have an internal thermal temperature (called the CTm) at which
they cannot function and lose coordination.During the cold weather event, lizards in southernmost Texas
(BRO) experienced 28 days below their CTmin, while those in northern Texas (AUS) experienced 8 days.
min
The researchers hypothesized that the extreme cold may exert natural selection on these populations,
eliminating less cold-hardy individuals. They investigated whether survivors of the 2013-2014 winter storms
displayed greater cold tolerance than individuals sampled the previous year. They revisited BRO and AUS in
April 2014 to measure CTmin of the survivors.
Hodgen, OK
(HOD)
A
A
BRO
2013-2014
Winter
Storms
O AUS
Arlington TX
(ARL)
10
Austin, TX
(AUS)
Victoria, TX
(VIC)
Brownsville, TX
(BRO)
500 km
Summer
2013
Spring
2014
Summer
2014
Figure A (rightmost) shows the critical thermal minimum (CT) for anole lizards from Summer 2013 to Summer 2014. The extreme
cold event is designated by "2013-2014 winter storms". The Upper line shows CT for southem lizards (BRO) and the lower line for
northern lizards (AUS). Error bars are +/- 1 SEM).
Evidence from the study (Figure A - right) showed that BRO populations had a high CTmin before the cold
event (CTmn of 10) and the CTmin progressively decreased to 8.8 and 8.5 CTmin in the spring 2014 and summer
min
min
2014 respectively. The AUS populations showed little change from the initial CTmin value of 8.4 over the year. In
summer 2014, both BRO and AUS populations showed relatively the same CTn (8.6).
min
Critical Themal Minimum (CTmin)
(Celsius)
Transcribed Image Text:Scientists also looked at the genes that regulate the CT min in anole lizards. They found that the survivors of the
cold snap in the BRO location were genetically similar to those in the northernmost population (HOD).
GGL
Module 16
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Module 53
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30-
25-
20-
15에
10어
5-
40-
50
4어
30
3어
20
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10-
10-
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YES
YES
NO
Do BRO survivors show shift towards northern (HOD) expression values?
NO
YES
NO
Figures D-F: Bar plots representing the number of genes that shift in expression in the southernmost population (BRO) after the storm
in the same direction as gene expression differences between BRO and the northernmost site (HOD).
Question 1: Did the effects of natural selection occur in a lizard population in response to an
extreme cold event??
CLAIM:
EVIDENCE:
REASONING:
Question 2: Does natural selection always lead to evolution? Use the information in this activity to
answer that question. What more might we need to know to fully answer it?
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