Question 1 ________ is the process of developing new goods and services. Select one: a. Reengineering b. Innovation c. Restructuring d. Functional reorganization Question 2 A ________ is a group of workers who assume responsibility for performing all the operations necessary for completing a specified stage in the manufacturing process. Select one: a. quality circle b. control group c. flexible work team d. kaizen group Question 3 A finance manager observes that the return-on-investment (ROI) for his organization is only 10 percent compared to the industry average of 20 percent. The manager informs top managers about her observation. According to this information, this organization is in which stage of the action research process? Select one: a. diagnosing the organization b. determining the desired future action c. eliminating obstacles to change d. selecting a strategy for change Question 4 A geographic structure is most likely to be appropriate for which of the following companies? Select one: a. a large manufacturer that wants to produce automobiles in Mexico and computers in Southeast Asia b. an oil producer that sells gas, a commodity, in five different regions c. a telecommunications company that makes technologically complex equipment d. a retailer who specializes in clothing and operates in five different regions of the United States Question 5 A matrix structure involves ________ vertical control from the formal hierarchy and ________ horizontal control from the use of integrating mechanisms. Select one: a. minimal; minimal b. minimal; maximal c. maximal; maximal d. maximal; minimal Question 6 A product team structure is a divisional structure in which divisions are organized according to the requirements of the different locations in which an organization operates. Select one: a. True b. False Question 7 According to the force-field theory, to get an organization to change, managers must find a way to ________. Select one: a. increase efficiency of the organization b. reduce resistance to change c. reduce environmental dynamism d. increase economies of scope Question 8 According to the force-field theory, when the two sets of opposing forces, force for change and resistance to change, are evenly balanced in an organization, the organization ________. Select one: a. attempts to grow by diversifying its business in unrelated areas b. is operating at the optimum production level that maximizes economies of scale c. is in a state of inertia d. attempts to grow by engaging in vertical integration Question 9 Employee roles are clearly defined in a matrix structure. Select one: a. True b. False Question 10 In a ________ structure, role and authority relationships are deliberately left vague because the underlying assumption of this structure is that when team members are given more responsibility than they have formal authority, they are forced to cooperate to get the job done. Select one: a. functional b. bureaucratic c. matrix d. product divisional Question 11 In which of the following organizational structures do employees move between teams? Select one: a. product team structure b. matrix structure c. functional structure d. bureaucratic structure Question 12 Nike's product design and research function are located in Oregon and all the other production functions are outsourced to companies around the world. Nike uses a ________ structure. Select one: a. geographic divisional b. network c. functional d. product team Question 13 The move from a functional structure to some form of divisional structure, and the move from one divisional structure to another, represents one of the most common kinds of ________ effort. Select one: a. restructuring b. innovation c. TQM d. reengineering Question 14 Which of the following is a technique that organizations can use to help individuals to understand the nature of their own and other people's personalities and to use that knowledge to improve their interactions with others? Select one: a. restructuring b. organizational cultivating c. reengineering d. sensitivity training Question 15 Which of the following is an OD technique in which a facilitator first observes the interactions of group members and then helps them become aware of ways to improve their work interactions? Select one: a. action research b. team building c. process consultation d. reengineering Question 16 Which of the following organizational development techniques brings together all of the managers of an organization at a meeting to discuss the issue of whether the organization is meeting its goals effectively? Select one: a. process consultation b. team building c. organizational confrontation meeting d. organizational mirroring Question 17 Which of the following statements is true regarding a market structure? Select one: a. A market structure is a type of a functional structure. b. A market structure aligns functional skills and competences with the product needs of different customer groups. c. Organizations using the market structure have the tallest hierarchies. d. The market structure is the most suitable for a company that operates in a continuously changing environment and manufactures complex products. Question 18 Which of the following statements is true regarding a matrix structure? Select one: a. A matrix structure has a clearly defined hierarchy of authority. b. An organization using a matrix structure can quickly respond to changing needs of customers. c. A matrix structure is characterized by clearly defined roles. d. Organizations with matrix structures tend to have the tallest hierarchies. Question 19 Which of the following statements is true regarding a product team structure? Select one: a. Use of product team structure increases the product development time. b. In a product team structure divisions are organized according to the requirements of the different locations in which an organization operates. c. A product team structure is more decentralized than a functional structure. d. Typically, a product team structure is used by an organization that operates in a stable environment where the requirements of the customers do not change quickly. Question 20 Which of the following theories proposed the importance of changing roles and tasks to increase organizational effectiveness? Select one: a. sociotechnical systems theory b. force-field theory c. value engineering theor