Q3): The following data were collected while running a closed traverse ABCDA starting from A toward B. Calculate: 1- Coordinates of A (Easting and Northing). *** 2- Azimuth of BC and CD 3- Coordinates of point C 4- Coordinates of point D 5- Linear misclosure 6- Traverse precision B Line Length (m) Azimuth Point Easting (m) Northing (m) Angles AB 330 181°25' A (fixed) BC 767 B 392.341 270.601 B = 88° 25' CD C C = 85° 10' DA 263° 32' 17" D A (calculated) 411 727.438

Q: 2...1

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System of Forces

A force is an external influence or agent that changes the state of a system. According to Newton's second law, the force applied to a body is proportional to the change in momentum of a body. Hence, whenever a force is applied to a body, its momentum changes. If the body is at rest, under the action of force, its state of rest changes to motion. In other words, the magnitude of the momentum of the body changes from zero to a measurable value. Similarly, if the body possesses some initial velocity, it has some associated momentum, the effect of force can cause the body to halt or come to rest, that is, the momentum reduces to zero.