Q2. Calculato number of accessible states for a molecule of Nitrogen enclosed on a box of volume I litre at T = look having energy less than 6×107 Jankes. MONTHLX
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- Problem 2: Helium is a very important element for both industrial and research applications. In its gas form it can be used for welding, and since it has a very low melting point (only 0.95 K under 2.5 MPa) it can be used in liquid form to cool superconducting magnets, such as those found in particle physics experiments. Say we have a cylinder of n = 145 moles of Helium gas at room temperature (T = 20° C). The cylinder has a radius of r = 17.5 cm and a height h = 1.45 m. Part (a) What pressure (in kPa) is the helium gas under? P = ______ Part (b) Helium is usually kept in the highest pressure gas cylinders, which can typically withstand at least 500 atm of pressure. Would the tank in part (a) be able to maintain its structural integrity? Part (c) In principle, these tanks could fail if the temperature of the Helium started rising - if they were stored in a hot environment, for instance. To determine how much of a danger this is, calculate the temperature (in C) the Helium gas…1. Pressure and bulk modules of an electron gas. (a) Derive a relation connecting the 3 pressure and volume of an electron gas at OK. Hint: Use the result of U == the relation between & and electron concentration. The result may be written as 200 3V 5p B = = p= 10U 3 9V of the electron gas contribution to B. NE N&F and . др (b) Show that the bulk modules B = -V. of an electron gas at OK is av . 5 (c) Estimate for potassium, using Table 1 of the textbook, the valueCalculate the fraction of atom sites that are vacant for the material at its melting temperature of 570 K. The energy for vacancy formation is 0.56 eV/atom, and Boltzmann's constant, K=8.62x105 eV/atom-K. O a. 1.11 x10-5 O b. 1.36 x10-5 O c. 1.32 x10-5 O d. 1.22 x10-5
- C A F D B E VProblem 2: Atmospheric composition A particle near earth's surface traveling faster than about 11km/s has enough kinetic energy to completely escape from the earth, despite earth's gravitational pull. Molecules in the upper atmosphere that are moving faster than this will therefore escape if they do not collide on the way out. a) The temperature of earth’s upper atmosphere is actually quite high, around 1000K. Calculate the probability of a nitrogen molecule at this temperature moving faster than 11km/s, and comment on the result. b) Repeat the calculation for a hydrogen molecule (H2) and for a helium atom, and discuss the implications. c) Escape speed from the moon's surface is only about 2.4km/s. Explain why the moon has no atmosphere.The cell membrane has ion channels that can exist in two states, open or closed. When they are open, they let Na+ ions through. The energy of the open state is 4*10^-20 J. higher than the state of the closed channel. a. What proportion of the ion channels are open at a temperature of 20 C? b. How high should the temperature be so that 75% of the channels are open? Don't use Chat GPT otherwise I will report from bartleby.