Q1/ The bandwidth of an input signal to the PCM is restricted to 4KHZ. The input signal varies in amplitude from -3.8 V to + 3.8 V and has the average power of 30 mW. The required signal to noise ratio is given as 20 dB. The PCM modulator produces binary output. Assuming uniform quantization, i) Find the number of bits required per sample. (ans.n = 7 bits) ii) Outputs of 30 such PCM coders are time multiplexed. What would be the minimum required transmission bandwidth for this multiplexed

Q: I need a circuit that will do normal AM modulation using diode switching and then demodulate it…

A: According to the question we need to discuss the AM modulation and demodulation process by diode…

Q: Solve in digital format please In your words, describe what the signal modulation process consists…

A: Given:  Brief description: In the given question they want to know the process of modulation of low…

Q: 1. Derive a Boolean expression for the following digital circuit -

A: Given digital circuit,

Q: Q1. A PCM encoder using A-law has a dynamic range of +2 V. Determine the code word when the input…

A: (a) -120 mV (b) 0.5mV (c) -1.5 V (d) 1.8V PCM encoder using A -law of +2V code word (a) 0110 1001…

Q: Discuss the following briefly.  1. differentiate PAM, PWM, and PPM 2. steps to encode analog data…

A: 1. Difference between PAM, PWM, and PPM S.No Pulse Amplitude Modulation Pulse Width Modulation…

Q: For the NMOSFET in the circuit below, K = 4.00mA/V^2, VTHN = 1.00V, l = 0V^-1, and VIN = 4.00V. a.…

A:

Q: For the circuit shown in Figure B19a, Ve 20V Rc 3kQ RB = 10k 2 VCE VBB=3V Figure B19a i) Sketch the…

A:

Q: What are the main advantages of Delta Modulator over PCM?

A: Pulse code modulation (PCM) and delta modulation (DM) are both extremely efficient. However, delta…

Q: Your task is to write a program that samples an analog signal a0 as illustrated below using the…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple subparts, we will solve first three subparts for you.…

Q: Questions below are generic: It assumes Beta to have a value based on teh specs sheet. This question…

A: Approach to solving the question: Detailed explanation: -Voltage Gain (Av): Slightly less than 1 due…

Q: For an active low Set and reset waveform, how do you find the output waveform?

A: As per the question, we are asked How do we find the output waveform for an active low Set and reset…

Q: 1-) demodulating by multiplying the AM signal with the carrier signal 2-) demodulation using…

A: As per our guidelines we are supposed to answer only one question. Kindly repost other questions as…

Q: My M, Mi

A: We need to identify from the above diagram why the above diagram is a cascode connection but not…

Quantization and Resolution

Quantization is a methodology of carrying out signal modulation by the process of mapping input values from an infinitely long set of continuous values to a smaller set of finite values. Quantization forms the basic algorithm for lossy compression algorithms and represents a given analog signal into digital signals. In other words, these algorithms form the base of an analog-to-digital converter. Devices that process the algorithm of quantization are known as a quantizer. These devices aid in rounding off (approximation) the errors of an input function called the quantized value.

Probability of Error

This topic is widely taught in many undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses of: