Q. No. 1. Figure I shows the single-line diagram of a simple four-bus system. Table 1 gives the line impedances identified by the buses on which these terminate. The shunt admittance at all the buses is assumed negligible. The values of real and reactive powers are listed in Table 2. Assuming a flat voltage start, and 0.2 s Q2 s1. Find the following values at the end of the first iteration of Gauss-Seidel process. (a) The YgUs (b) Reactive power at bus 2 (c) Voltage angle at bus 2 (d) Voltage magnitudes at bus 3 and 4
Load flow analysis
Load flow analysis is a study or numerical calculation of the power flow of power in steady-state conditions in any electrical system. It is used to determine the flow of power (real and reactive), voltage, or current in a system under any load conditions.
Nodal Matrix
The nodal matrix or simply known as admittance matrix, generally in engineering term it is called Y Matrix or Y bus, since it involve matrices so it is also referred as a n into n order matrix that represents a power system with n number of buses. It shows the buses' nodal admittance in a power system. The Y matrix is rather sparse in actual systems with thousands of buses. In the power system the transmission cables connect each bus to only a few other buses. Also the important data that one needs for have a power flow study is the Y Matrix.
Types of Buses
A bus is a type of system of communication that transfers data between the components inside a computer or between two or more computers. With multiple hardware connections, the earlier buses were parallel electrical wires but the term "bus" is now used for any type of physical arrangement which provides the same type of logical functions similar to the parallel electrical bus. Both parallel and bit connections are used by modern buses. They can be wired either electrical parallel or daisy chain topology or are connected by hubs which are switched same as in the case of Universal Serial Bus or USB.
![Q. No. 1. Figure 1 shows the single-line diagram of a simple four-bus system. Table 1 gives the
line impedances identified by the buses on which these terminate. The shunt admittance at all the
buses is assumed negligible. The values of real and reactive powers are listed in Table 2. Assuming
a flat voltage start, and 0.2 < Q2 s 1. Find the following values at the end of the first iteration of
Gauss-Seidel process.
(a) The YBUS
(b) Reactive power at bus 2
(c) Voltage angle
(d) Voltage magnitudes at bus 3 and 4
(e) Now, suppose the permissible limits on Q2 (reactive power injection) are revised as follows:
0.25 < Q2 <1 p.u. Mention the changes and calculate new values of the state variables if required.
bus 2
(3)
Figure 1 for Q. No. 1. Single-line diagram of a simple four-bus system
Table 1 for Q. No. 1
Line,
R pu
X, pu
bus to bus
1-2
0.05
0.10
0.15
1-3
0.30
0.15
0.45
0.30
2-3
2-4
0.10
3-4
0.05
0.15
Table 2 for Q. No. 1
Вus
Pe pu
Q, pu
V, pu
Remarks
1
1.04 20°
Slack bus
0.5
1.04 20°
PV bus
PQ bus
РO bus
- 1.0
0.5
4
0.3
- 0.1](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fc0438f15-9466-4710-8e61-000f056414dc%2F7b0bf46c-4a48-496b-86a7-a9d3f8f2e94a%2Fbv5koj_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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