purchased a ship from Mitsubishi Heavy Industry. PCC owes Mitsubishi Heavy Industry 500 million yen in one year. The current spot rate is 113.33 yen per dollar and the one-year forward rate is 111.5 yen per dollar. The annual interest rate is 0.9% in Japan and 2.4% in the U.S. PCC can also buy a one-year call option on yen at the strike price of $.008900 per yen for a premium of .017 cents per yen. Compute the future dollar costs of meeting this obligation using the money market hedge. (USD, no cents)

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Exchange Rate Risk

It is the possibility that the value of a currency will fluctuate in the future. In the wake of globalization, business establishments have increasingly ventured into international markets. The volume of international trade has prospered excellently in the near past and is expected to be more affluent in the future. The use of exchange-traded derivative financial instruments has been multi-folded to provide for the requirements of various MNCs and offshore potential investors. Most banks and financial institutions have helped integrate the global economies. Our Government has introduced some bold and extreme measures to fulfil the purpose behind the fiscal, industrial, and monetary policies. The enactment of GST is a huge step towards streamlining the taxation system of the country. Owing to Covid-19, this aspect of corporate risk management has become critical.