Pulse Propagation. A pulse of initial temporal width To is transmitted through a graded- index fiber of length L km and power-law refractive-index profile with index p. The peak refractive index nį is wavelength-dependent with D = -(^,/co) ď²n1/dX,, A is approx- imately independent of wavelength, o, is the spectral width of the source, and A, is the operating wavelength. Discuss the effect of increasing each of the following parameters on the temporal width of the received pulse: L, To, p, |Dxl, s, and A.

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Compton effect

The incoming photons' energy must be in the range of an X-ray frequency to generate the Compton effect. The electron does not lose enough energy that reduces the wavelength of scattered photons towards the visible spectrum. As a result, with visible lights, the Compton effect is missing.

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The amount of backward thrust or force experienced by a person when he/she shoots a gun in the forward direction is called recoil velocity. This phenomenon always follows the law of conservation of linear momentum.