h) The difference in arrival time between wave-packets with centre frequencies of ω1 and ω2 is Δt. What is DM in terms of Δt ? The dispersion relation for electromagnetic waves travelling through a non-magnetic isotropic plasma is:w² = k² c² +w²/where w =ne(s)e²- is the plasma frequency, ne (s) is the electron density as a function of position (s); e ismɛothe charge on an electron and m is the mass of the electron.

To find the relation between Δt and DM, we need to start with the group velocity of the…

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