Classes Of Functional Groups
Organic Chemistry deals mostly with carbon and hydrogens, also called hydrocarbons, but those groups which replace hydrogen and bonds with carbon to give a characteristic nature, unique of their own, to the hydrocarbon they are attached to, are called functional groups. All the compounds belonging to a functional group undergo reactions in a similar pattern and are known to have similar physical and chemical properties.
Characteristics Of Functional Groups
In organic chemistry, we encounter a number of special substituent groups which are attached to the hydrocarbon backbone. These groups impart certain characteristics to the molecule of which it is a part of and thus, become the highlight of that particular molecule.
IUPAC Nomenclature
In Chemistry, IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which suggested a systematic naming approach for the organic and inorganic compounds, as in the beginning stage of nomenclature one single chemical compound was named in many ways by which lead to confusion. The need for this approach aroused as the number of chemical compounds newly discovered were increasing (approximately 32 million compounds) and the basic concept of nomenclature i.e. the trivial nomenclature and the derived system of nomenclature failed to overcome the challenge. It is an important task to name a chemical compound systematically and unambiguously which reduces lots of confusion about the newly reported compounds.
**Answer Choices:**
- Prefixes and Numbers:
- 3-
- 1-
- 2,4-
- 4-
- 2-
- 1,3-
- Structural Modifiers:
- tri
- cyclo
- iso
- tert-
- sec-
- di
- Carbon Chain Length:
- hex
- meth
- prop
- eth
- pent
- but
- Suffixes:
- a
- ane
- yne
**Explanation:**
The image displays a chemical structure diagram that requires the systematic IUPAC name. The compound is a ring structure with two parallel lines, indicating a double bond within a four-membered ring. Using the provided fragments, identify the appropriate combination to name the compound correctly:
1. **Identify the ring size and structure:** The ring contains four carbon atoms (indicating "but").
2. **Identify the double bond placement:** The diagram shows two double bonds, which corresponds to the "a" and "di" suffixes.
3. **Name the compound systematically:** Combine these fragments to arrive at the correct systematic name.
Given the structure and options, the correct systematic name should be "1,3-Butadiene" indicating it is a four-carbon (but-) ring with double bonds at positions 1 and 3.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F5707f817-26ef-49f8-a626-ee896014d672%2Fcf263b88-945b-49f7-9eb5-1ebfc8f737a1%2F9vvnr7_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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