Prove that {(1), (1, 2)(3, 4), (1, 3)(2,4), (1, 4)(2,3)} is a subgroup of S4.

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
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**Problem Statement:**

Prove that the set \(\{(1), (1,2)(3,4), (1,3)(2,4), (1,4)(2,3)\}\) is a subgroup of \(S_4\).

**Explanation:**

In this problem, we are given a set of permutations and asked to prove that this set forms a subgroup of the symmetric group \(S_4\), which is the group of all permutations on four elements.

**Steps to Prove Subgroup:**

1. **Identity Element:**
   - The set contains the identity permutation \((1)\), which satisfies one of the subgroup criteria.

2. **Closure:**
   - Verify that the multiplication of any two elements in the set results in an element that is also within the set.
   - For example, multiplying \((1,2)(3,4)\) by \((1,3)(2,4)\) should result in another element from the set.

3. **Inverses:**
   - Check that the inverse of each element in the set is also contained in the set.
   - For example, \((1,2)(3,4)\) is its own inverse, and similarly for the other elements.

By verifying these properties, we can establish that the given set is indeed a subgroup of \(S_4\).
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem Statement:** Prove that the set \(\{(1), (1,2)(3,4), (1,3)(2,4), (1,4)(2,3)\}\) is a subgroup of \(S_4\). **Explanation:** In this problem, we are given a set of permutations and asked to prove that this set forms a subgroup of the symmetric group \(S_4\), which is the group of all permutations on four elements. **Steps to Prove Subgroup:** 1. **Identity Element:** - The set contains the identity permutation \((1)\), which satisfies one of the subgroup criteria. 2. **Closure:** - Verify that the multiplication of any two elements in the set results in an element that is also within the set. - For example, multiplying \((1,2)(3,4)\) by \((1,3)(2,4)\) should result in another element from the set. 3. **Inverses:** - Check that the inverse of each element in the set is also contained in the set. - For example, \((1,2)(3,4)\) is its own inverse, and similarly for the other elements. By verifying these properties, we can establish that the given set is indeed a subgroup of \(S_4\).
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