Prostaglandins are a class of eicosanoids, fatty acid derivatives with a variety of extremely potent actions on vertebrate tissues.They are responsible for producing fever and inflammation and its associated pain. Prostaglandins are derived from the 20-carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. This enzyme, acyclooxygenase, uses oxygen to convert arachidonic acid to PGG2, the immediate precursor of many different prostaglandins.Rate of formation of PGG2 with 10 mg/mlibuprofen (mM/min)Arachidonicacid (mM)Rate of formationof PGG2 (mM/min)0.33013.00.39614.60.59418.50.9902.3123.430.38.139.3612.517.225.3The kinetic data given in the table are for the reaction catalyzed by a mutant of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. Focusinghere on the first two columns, determine the Vmax and Km of the enzyme.Vmax=Km=mM/minmM

Step 1:To determine KM and Vmax for the following enzyme,we first need to construct the Lineweaver…

Answered: Prostaglandins are a class of…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Prostaglandins are a class of eicosanoids, fatty acid derivatives with a variety of extremely potent actions on vertebrate tissues. They are responsible for producing fever and inflammation and its associated pain. Prostaglandins are derived from the 20- carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. This enzyme, a cyclooxygenase, uses oxygen to convert arachidonic acid to PGG₂, the immediate precursor of many different prostaglandins. Arachidonic acid (mm) 0.190 0.228 0.342 0.570 1.33 Vmax Rate of formation of PGG2 (mm/min) Km 15.3 17.3 21.8 27.6 35.8 Rate of formation of PGG₂ with 10 mg/ml ibuprofen (mm/min) The kinetic data given in the table are for the reaction catalyzed by a mutant of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. Focusing here on the first two columns, determine the Vmax and Km of the enzyme. 9.58 11.0 14.8 20.3 29.8 mM/min Ibuprofen is an inhibitor of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. By inhibiting the…
Prostaglandins are a class of eicosanoids, fatty acid derivatives with a variety of extremely potent actions on vertebrate tissues. They are responsible for producing fever and inflammation and its associated pain. Prostaglandins are derived from the 20- carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. This enzyme, a cyclooxygenase, uses oxygen to convert arachidonic acid to PGG₂, the immediate precursor of many different prostaglandins. Rate of formation of PGG₂ with 10 mg/ml ibuprofen (mm/min) Arachidonic acid (mm) VIX 0.175 0.210 0.315 0.525 1.23 Km The kinetic data given in the table are for the reaction catalyzed by a mutant of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. Focusing here on the first two columns, determine the Vmax and Km of the enzyme. 38.91 0.688 Rate of formation of PGG2 (mm/min) Incorrect 12.0 13.5 17.1 21.6 28.0 7.50 8.64 11.6 15.9 23.3 competitive inhibition uncompetitive inhibition Ibuprofen is an inhibitor…
Prostaglandins are a class of eicosanoids, fatty acid derivatives with a variety of extremely potent actions on vertebrate tissues. They are responsible for producing fever and inflammation and its associated pain. Prostaglandins are derived from the 20-carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. This enzyme, a cyclooxygenase, uses oxygen to convert arachidonic acid to PGG2, the immediate precursor of many different prostaglandins. Attempt 2Prostaglandins are a class of eicosanoids, fatty acid derivatives with a variety of extremely potent actions on vertebrate tissues. They are responsible for producing fever and inflammation and its associated pain. Prostaglandins are derived from the 20-carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. This enzyme, a cyclooxygenase, uses oxygen to convert arachidonic acid to PGG2, the immediate precursor of many different…
Prostaglandins are a class of eicosanoids, fatty acid derivatives with a variety of extremely potent actions on vertebrate issues. They are responsible for producing fever and inflammation and its associated pain. Prostaglandins are derived from he 20-carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. This enzyme, a cyclooxygenase, uses oxygen to convert arachidonic acid to PGG2, the immediate precursor of many different prostaglandins. Arachidonic Rate of formation Rate of formation of PGG2 with 10 mg/ml acid (mM) of PGG2 (mM/min) ibuprofen (mM/min) 0.285 21.3 13.3 0.342 24.0 15.4 0.513 30.3 20.6 0.855 38.4 28.2 2.00 49.8 41.5 The kinetic data given in the table are for the reaction catalyzed by a mutant of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. Focusing here on the first two columns, determine the Vmax and Km of the enzyme. mM/min Vmax mM Km buprofen is an inhibitor of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. By inhibiting the…
Prostaglandins are a class of eicosanoids, fatty acid derivatives with a variety of extremely potent actions on vertebrate issues. They are responsible for producing fever and inflammation and its associated pain. Prostaglandins are derived rom the 20-carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. This enzyme, a cyclooxygenase, uses oxygen to convert arachidonic acid to PGG2, the immediate precursor of many different prostaglandins. Arachidonic Rate of formation Rate of formation of PGG2 with 10 mg/ml ibuprofen (mM/min) acid (mM) of PGG2 (mM/min) 0.235 14.7 9.17 0.282 16.5 10.6 0.423 20.8 14.1 0.705 26.4 19.4 1.65 34.2 28.5 The kinetic data given in the table are for the reaction catalyzed by a mutant of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. Focusing here on the first two columns, determine the Vmax and Km of the enzyme. mM/min Vmax = mM Km %3D
Hexokinase catalyzes the first step of glycolysis, in which glucose is phosphorylated to form glucose‑6‑phosphate. Give two reasons why a Mg2+ cation is required to facilitate this reaction.
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes bind the organic compound UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GA) in order to catalyse the transfer of a glucuronic acid group from UDP-GA to a drug molecule, releasing UDP from the active site as a product. UDP is then regenerated by the activity of another enzyme. What terms could be used to describe UDP-GA?
During glycolysis, the enzyme glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) catalyzes the oxidation and phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, forming 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. This reaction, shown below, has a ΔG that is close to zero under cellular conditions. During gluconeogenesis, GAPDH catalyzes the reverse reaction, in which 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is reduced and dephosphorylated. Given this information, which of the following conditions are most likely to directly alter the relative rates of the forward and reverse reactions? (select two answers) changes in the relative concentrations of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate changes in the relative concentrations of NAD+ and NADH decreased cellular concentration of pyruvate increased cellular concentration of glucose regulation of GAPDH activity
There is another class of aldolase enzymes known as Class II. These enzymes are found in fungi, algae, and some bacteria. This class differs for Class I in that these enzymes do not have a Lys residue associated with their active sites, but contain a divalent cation (usually Zn2+ or Fe2+) in the active site. Outline a possible mechanism for a Class II aldolase and explain the function of the metal ion in the reaction.
Corticosteroids (a type of hormone), and Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are non-narcotic pain relievers. Both medications are prescribed to reduce inflammation in the body. NSAIDs such as aspirin, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen are able to reduce pain, fever, and inflammation by blocking the action of the cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX) that catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Common corticosteroids include prednisone, cortisone, and methylprednisolone. Choose one of these three corticosteroids. The corticosteroid that you choose and then explain how the drug works to reduce inflammation.
Corticosteroids (a type of hormone), and Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are non-narcotic pain relievers. Both medications are prescribed to reduce inflammation in the body. NSAIDs such as aspirin, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen are able to reduce pain, fever, and inflammation by blocking the action of the cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX) that catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Common corticosteroids include prednisone, cortisone, and methylprednisolone. Choose one of these three corticosteroids. Do some internet research on the corticosteroid that you choose and then explain how the drug works to reduce inflammation.
A sample of glycogen from a patient with liver disease is incubated with orthophosphate, phosphorylase, the transferase, and the debranching enzyme ( α -1,6- glucosidase). The ratio of glucose 1- phosphate to glucose formed in this mixture is 100. What is the most likely enzymatic deficiency in this patient?

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