Prof. Móreno wanted to investigate the relationship between feedback and self-esteem. Since they teach at Pasadena City College, Prof. Moreno asked 10 other PCC professors and their students to participate. Using the Rosenberg Self- esteem Scale, Prof. Moreno compared college students' self-esteem in classes where professors provided critical or constructive feedback. Results indicated the mean self-esteem for students whose professors gave critical feedback was 24.5 and for students whose professors gave constructive feedback was 32.3, t(57) = 4.70, p < .05. Based on the information above, should Prof. Moreno accept or reject the null hypothesis? Ассept Reject

Ciccarelli: Psychology_5 (5th Edition)
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ISBN:9780134477961
Author:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White
Publisher:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White
Chapter1: The Science Of Psychology
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### Investigating the Influence of Feedback on Student Self-Esteem

**Introduction**
Prof. Moreno embarked on a study to explore the relationship between the type of feedback provided and student self-esteem. Teaching at Pasadena City College (PCC), Prof. Moreno engaged 10 other PCC professors and their students in the study. 

**Methodology**
The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was employed to measure the self-esteem of college students in two distinct classroom environments:
1. **Critical Feedback Environment:** Classes where instructors delivered critical feedback.
2. **Constructive Feedback Environment:** Classes where instructors focused on delivering constructive feedback.

**Findings**
The study revealed significant differences in the mean self-esteem scores of students based on the type of feedback they received:
- **Critical Feedback:** Mean self-esteem score = 24.5
- **Constructive Feedback:** Mean self-esteem score = 32.3

Using a t-test, the results showed a t-value of \( t(57) = 4.70 \) with a p-value less than 0.05 (\( p < .05 \)).

**Conclusion**
Based on the t-test results, which indicate a statistically significant difference between the two groups, Prof. Moreno should:

- **Reject** the null hypothesis, which states that there is no difference in self-esteem based on the type of feedback provided.

**Next Steps**
Students are asked to reflect on these findings and consider the implications of feedback types on self-esteem in educational settings.
Transcribed Image Text:### Investigating the Influence of Feedback on Student Self-Esteem **Introduction** Prof. Moreno embarked on a study to explore the relationship between the type of feedback provided and student self-esteem. Teaching at Pasadena City College (PCC), Prof. Moreno engaged 10 other PCC professors and their students in the study. **Methodology** The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was employed to measure the self-esteem of college students in two distinct classroom environments: 1. **Critical Feedback Environment:** Classes where instructors delivered critical feedback. 2. **Constructive Feedback Environment:** Classes where instructors focused on delivering constructive feedback. **Findings** The study revealed significant differences in the mean self-esteem scores of students based on the type of feedback they received: - **Critical Feedback:** Mean self-esteem score = 24.5 - **Constructive Feedback:** Mean self-esteem score = 32.3 Using a t-test, the results showed a t-value of \( t(57) = 4.70 \) with a p-value less than 0.05 (\( p < .05 \)). **Conclusion** Based on the t-test results, which indicate a statistically significant difference between the two groups, Prof. Moreno should: - **Reject** the null hypothesis, which states that there is no difference in self-esteem based on the type of feedback provided. **Next Steps** Students are asked to reflect on these findings and consider the implications of feedback types on self-esteem in educational settings.
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