Problem 4. A randomized experiment studied whether magnetic fields applied over a painful area can reduce pain intensity. The subjects are 54 volunteers with postpolio syndrome who reported muscular or arthritic pain. The pain level when pressing a painful area was graded subjectively on a scale from 0 to 10 (0 is no pain and 10 is maximum pain). Patients were randomly assigned to wear either a magnetic device or a placebo device over the painful area for 45 minutes. Here is a summary of the pain scores for this experiment, expressed as sample means + sample standard deviations: Magnetic device Placebo device n2 = 25 9.5±0.8 8.4土1.8 1.1+1.6 Pre-treatment Post-treatment n1 = 29 9.6±0.7 4.4+3.1 Change 5.2+3.2 Post/Share (1). Is there any evidence that the magnetic device is better than a placebo device in terms of reducing pain at the significance level a = 0,05?

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Contingency Table

A contingency table can be defined as the visual representation of the relationship between two or more categorical variables that can be evaluated and registered. It is a categorical version of the scatterplot, which is used to investigate the linear relationship between two variables. A contingency table is indeed a type of frequency distribution table that displays two variables at the same time.

Binomial Distribution

Binomial is an algebraic expression of the sum or the difference of two terms. Before knowing about binomial distribution, we must know about the binomial theorem.