Problem 3. a) Verify that the relation defined on set of integers Z by R7 = {(m,n) | 7 divides (m³ – n*)} C Z × Z is equivalence relation Solution. b) Describe equivalence classes of relation R7. Solution. c) Let R be an equivalence relation on set A. Prove that RoR = R.
Inverse Normal Distribution
The method used for finding the corresponding z-critical value in a normal distribution using the known probability is said to be an inverse normal distribution. The inverse normal distribution is a continuous probability distribution with a family of two parameters.
Mean, Median, Mode
It is a descriptive summary of a data set. It can be defined by using some of the measures. The central tendencies do not provide information regarding individual data from the dataset. However, they give a summary of the data set. The central tendency or measure of central tendency is a central or typical value for a probability distribution.
Z-Scores
A z-score is a unit of measurement used in statistics to describe the position of a raw score in terms of its distance from the mean, measured with reference to standard deviation from the mean. Z-scores are useful in statistics because they allow comparison between two scores that belong to different normal distributions.
Please answer the part (B). I have got a solution for the question on this platform but the answer doesn't make sense. I need a better explanation for this particular question.
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