Price Level 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2 AS AD 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Real GDP (in billions of dollars per year) QE Instructions: Enter your responses as a whole number. a. Identify the macro equilibrium. Instructions: Use the tool provided 'QE' to identify the current macro equilibrium on the graph. The current macro equilibrium is when real GDP is $ Suppose that full-employment GDP is $13 billion. b. The real GDP gap is $ billion. c. Aggregate demand must shift (left or right) by $ billion. billion to achieve the full-employment equilibrium.

Price Level 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2 AS AD 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Real GDP (in billions of dollars per year) QE Instructions: Enter your responses as a whole number. a. Identify the macro equilibrium. Instructions: Use the tool provided 'QE' to identify the current macro equilibrium on the graph. The current macro equilibrium is when real GDP is $ Suppose that full-employment GDP is $13 billion. b. The real GDP gap is $ billion. c. Aggregate demand must shift (left or right) by $ billion. billion to achieve the full-employment equilibrium.

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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LAS 100 90 X 80 70 110 60 0 320 360 below full-employment; 40 above full-employment; 20 below full-employment; 20 above full-employment; 40 actual; 0 SAS 400 440 480 520 Real GDP (billions of 2007 dollars) Figure 10.3.1 AD Refer to Figure 10.3.1. The economy is at its short-run macroeconomic equilibrium. There is a difference between equilibrium real GDP and potential GDP of $ billion.
9. Economic fluctuations II The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD), the short-run aggregate supply curve (AS), and the long-run aggregate supply curve (LRAS) for a hypothetical economy. Initially, the expected price level equals the actual price level, and the economy experiences long-run equilibrium at a natural level of output of $110 billion. Suppose a bout of severe weather drives up agricultural costs, increases the costs of transporting goods and services, and increases the costs of producing goods and services. Use the graph to help you answer the questions about the short-run and long-run effects of the increase in production costs that follow. (Note: You will not be graded on any adjustments made to the graph.) Hint: For simplicity, ignore any possible impact of the severe weather on the natural level of output. LEVEL 130 125 120 115 110 LRAS AS AD AS ?
Homework: Demand-Side Equilibrium: Unemployment or Inflation? The following graph shows the total expenditure line (TE) for an economy where current equilibrium output is $400 billion and potential output is $650 billion. REAL EXPENDITURE (Billions of dollars) § 2 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 100 45-degree ling 200 300 400 500 600 REAL GDP (Bilions of dollars) The economy is experiencing TE Potential GDP 700 800 TE equal to $ by billion. Thus, the value of the multiplier for this economy is billion. To close the output gap, government purchases could On the previous graph, shift the TE line to show the change in total expenditure necessary to close the output gap. Note: Select and drag the curve to the desired position. The curve will snap into position, so if you try to move a curve and it snaps back to its original position, just drag it a little farther.
Assume that the accompanying graph depicts aggregate supply and demand conditions in an economy. Full employment occurs when $5 trillion of real output is produced. The economy is currently in equilibrium at point A. Price Level (average price) 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 0 1 A AS₁ 2 3 4 5 6 7 AD₁ Real Output (in trillions of dollars per year) 8 Tools EQ Instructions: In parts a, b, and d, enter your responses as a whole number. a. What is the equilibrium rate of output? $ trillion per year b. How far short of full employment is the equilibrium rate of output? $ trillion c. On the graph, illustrate a shift of aggregate demand that would change the equilibrium rate of output to $5 trillion. Instructions: Shift the aggregate demand curve (AD1) such that the equilibrium in the macro model is at $5 trillion. Then use the tool provided 'EQ' to label the new equilibrium. d. What is the price level at this full-employment equilibrium?
$ Which of the following would cause the Aggregate Supply curve to move from AS to AS2 in the graph below? fs Price Level 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 % 5 0 16 5 O A general increase in energy and labor cost for businesses. O A federal government increase in spending. t 6 10 15 Real GDP ($ billion) -AS-AD-AS2 2 fa lyi & 7 7 J * 20 8 8 num lk ( 25 (1¹) 9
With the passage of time, which of the following will help direct this economy in Figure 10-21 toward its potential long-run rate of output (e1 to E2)? Figure 10-21 Price Level ti LRAS E₂ SRAS, SRAS: AD₂ AD₁ Y, Y₁ Goods and Services (Real GDP) Output is initially less than long-run capacity O lower interest rates that will stimulate AD and lower resource prices that will increase SRAS O higher interest rates that will reduce aggregate demand and higher resource prices that will reduce SRAS lower interest rates and higher resource prices, both of which will stimulate aggregate demand O higher interest rates that will reduce SRAS and lower resource prices that will stimulate aggregate demand
Use the following graph to answer the next question. Price Level 0 AS3 AS₁ AS₂ Real Domestic Output, GDP Which of the following factors will shift AS1 to AS2? O An increase in real interest rates O A decrease in business subsidies O An increase in input prices O A decrease in business taxes.
10:35 PM A O 60 Aggregate Expenditures Schedule 50 Tools 40 C+1 Equilibrium 30 20 10 10 20 30 40 50 Real GDP (billions of dollars) Instructions: In part b, enter your answer as a whole number. In part c, round your answer to 1 decimal place. b. What is the equilibrium GDP for this country? billion c. What is the marginal propensity to consume for this country? Aggregate expenditures (billions of dollars)
c. Given the original $20 billion level of exports, what would be net exports and the equilibrium GDP if imports were $10 billion greater at each level of GDP? Fill in the gray-shaded cells. Instructions: Enter your answers as a whole number. If you are entering any negative numbers be sure to include a negative sign (-) in front of those numbers. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Aggregate Expenditures, Private Closed Aggregate Expenditures, Open Economy, Billions Real Domestic Output (GDP = DI), Billions Exports, Billions Imports, Billions Net Exports, Billions Economy, Billions $350 $390 $20 $40 400 430 20 40 450 470 20 40 500 510 20 40 550 550 20 40 600 590 20 40 650 630 20 40 700 670 20 40 Net exports = $ billion Equilibrium GDP = $ billion d. What is the multiplier in this example?
Note: Line segments will automatically connect the points. PRICE LEVEL (Billions of dollars) 200 160 120 0 80 160 240 REAL GDP (Index numbers) The equilibrium price level is 320 400 Initial AD The change in government spending the multiplier effect. SRAS New AD ✓, and the equilibrium level of real output is Suppose that the government spending increases by $16 billion and the expenditure multiplier in this economy is 5. On the previous graph, use the purple points (diamond symbols) to illustrate the effect of the increase in government spending on the aggregate demand (New AD) curve. the equilibrium level of real output by . The price level increase
2. From what was learned in class, explain what the values of the slope and vertical intercept of the aggregate consumption function mean from an economic perspective. Income-expenditure equilibrium Using the data in the following table to complete the following questions. GDP YD Planned (billions of dollars) $0 $0 $200 $100 400 400 500 100 800 800 800 100 1,200 1,200 1,100 100 1,600 1,600 1,400 100 2,000 2,000 1,700 100 2,500 2,500 2,000 100 3,000 3.000 2,300 100 1. Complete the columns for AEPlanned and unplanned in the table. 2. What is the value of the MPC? 3. What is the aggregate consumption function? AE Planned Unplanned 4. What is the equation for the planned aggregate expenditure function? 4. 5. What is the value of income-expenditure equilibrium GDP, (Y*)? 6. Explain in economic terms what happens when not in the income-expenditure equilibrium? Both when GDP > AE planned and GDP < AE planned. For each situation what needs to happen to move the economy toward equilibrium?.
P₁ P3 P₂ P₁ Po T ADO I AD₁ AD₂ LRAS 1 1 I I O Decreased; decreased. Increased; decreased. O Decreased, increased. 1 1 T N Q₁ 1 W 1 S SRAS Q₂ Q3 Real Domestic Output, GDP Refer to the above diagram. Assume aggregate demand increased from ADo to AD₂. and the price level As a result of the shift, actual GDP