Kinetic Theory of Gas
The Kinetic Theory of gases is a classical model of gases, according to which gases are composed of molecules/particles that are in random motion. While undergoing this random motion, kinetic energy in molecules can assume random velocity across all directions. It also says that the constituent particles/molecules undergo elastic collision, which means that the total kinetic energy remains constant before and after the collision. The average kinetic energy of the particles also determines the pressure of the gas.
P-V Diagram
A P-V diagram is a very important tool of the branch of physics known as thermodynamics, which is used to analyze the working and hence the efficiency of thermodynamic engines. As the name suggests, it is used to measure the changes in pressure (P) and volume (V) corresponding to the thermodynamic system under study. The P-V diagram is used as an indicator diagram to control the given thermodynamic system.
Nail tips exert tremendous pressures when they are hit by hammers because they exert a large force over a small area.
A) What force, in newtons, must be exerted on a nail with a circular tip of a diameter 0.95 mm to create a pressure of 2.85 * 10 ^ 9 N / (m ^ 2) (This high pressure is possible because the hammer striking the nail is brought to rest in such a short distance.)
B) How many people of mass 61 kg would have to stand on this nail to exert this force ? Round to the nearest integer.
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