Predict the product of cach monosaccharide oxidation reaction.

Chemistry: Matter and Change
1st Edition
ISBN:9780078746376
Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Chapter23: The Chemistry Of Life
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**Title: Understanding Monosaccharide Oxidation Reactions**

**Objective:** Predict the product of a monosaccharide oxidation reaction.

**Chemical Structure:**

The image depicts the structure of a monosaccharide, specifically a simple sugar, with the following arrangement:

- The carbon backbone consists of four carbon atoms.
- The first carbon atom (top) has a double-bonded oxygen and a single-bonded hydrogen (an aldehyde group).
- The second, third, and fourth carbon atoms each have a hydroxyl group (OH) and hydrogen atoms attached.
- The final carbon (bottom) is part of a hydroxymethyl group (H₂C–OH).

**Reaction Condition:**

- The oxidizing agent is represented as \( \text{Cu}^{2+} \), indicating a typical setup for Benedict's or Fehling's test, which is used to oxidize aldehydes.

**Explanation:**

In this reaction, the aldehyde group (on the first carbon) of the monosaccharide is oxidized to a carboxylic acid. The process involves the transformation of the CHO group into a COOH group. 

This is a common reaction for reducing sugars, which can be used to test the presence of certain types of sugars in a solution. The reaction often results in a color change, indicating the presence and quantity of the reducing sugar.

Understanding these reactions is crucial for identifying and quantifying sugars in biochemical applications and experiments.
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Understanding Monosaccharide Oxidation Reactions** **Objective:** Predict the product of a monosaccharide oxidation reaction. **Chemical Structure:** The image depicts the structure of a monosaccharide, specifically a simple sugar, with the following arrangement: - The carbon backbone consists of four carbon atoms. - The first carbon atom (top) has a double-bonded oxygen and a single-bonded hydrogen (an aldehyde group). - The second, third, and fourth carbon atoms each have a hydroxyl group (OH) and hydrogen atoms attached. - The final carbon (bottom) is part of a hydroxymethyl group (H₂C–OH). **Reaction Condition:** - The oxidizing agent is represented as \( \text{Cu}^{2+} \), indicating a typical setup for Benedict's or Fehling's test, which is used to oxidize aldehydes. **Explanation:** In this reaction, the aldehyde group (on the first carbon) of the monosaccharide is oxidized to a carboxylic acid. The process involves the transformation of the CHO group into a COOH group. This is a common reaction for reducing sugars, which can be used to test the presence of certain types of sugars in a solution. The reaction often results in a color change, indicating the presence and quantity of the reducing sugar. Understanding these reactions is crucial for identifying and quantifying sugars in biochemical applications and experiments.
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